台灣體育外交：以2017年台北世大運為例

Taiwan's Sports Diplomacy: Case Study of 2017 Taipei Summer Universiade

夏憲斌(Xian Bing Kelvin Hah)

指導教授 ： 翁明賢

淡江大學/國際研究學院/臺灣與亞太研究全英語碩士學位學程/碩士(2018年)

https://doi.org/10.6846/TKU.2018.00906

摘要

因為體育在世界上普遍實施，因此體育是個良好的外交工具。雖然台灣遇到外交困境，但透過體育，台灣還是能繼續保留在世界平台上，這也就是台灣體育外交的成果。目前的體育外交機制很難被定義出來，不過，體育外交是以軟實力和公民外交為主體。然而，探討台灣的體育外交不能只了解軟實力和公民外交，而是需要深入了解「中華台北」和「奧會模式」的由來和裡面的台灣意識。此外，台灣的體育外交也會因為兩岸關係的變化而改變。從2017台北世界大學運動會為案例，也就是台灣申辦過最大的綜合體育賽事。從申辦過程裡，可以見證到台灣的體育外交會受軟實力、公民外交、台灣意識和兩岸關係的影響。雖然申辦2017世大運的時候兩岸關係有受損，但整體而言成功的。因此，可以推斷出台灣的體育外交是有效的，而且也是台灣不可缺失的外交工具。

關鍵字

體育外交 ； 軟實力 ； 公民外交

並列摘要

Sports was an important tool for diplomacy as it was practiced all over the world. Despite facing diplomatic dilemma, Taiwan still managed to stay in the international arena through sports, which was the result of effective Taiwan’s sports diplomacy. The mechanism of sport diplomacy was not understood well, however, it was based mainly on soft power and public diplomacy. However, the aspects of Taiwan’s sport diplomacy went further than simple soft power and public diplomacy where it includes the identity of Taiwan as “Chinese Taipei” in international sports. In addition, the cross-strait relations in sports was also an important factor in Taiwan’s sports diplomacy. Using the case study of 2017 Taipei Summer Universiade, the largest multi-sport event that Taiwan had ever held, it can be observed that soft power, public diplomacy, Taiwanese identity, and cross-strait relations was the key factors that influenced Taiwan’s success in hosting the games. Despite the decline in cross-strait relations during the 2017 Summer Universiade, the other aspects of Taiwan’s sports diplomacy was considered successful. Hence, it can be concluded that Taiwan’s sports diplomacy was successful and was an important diplomatic tool for Taiwan.

並列關鍵字

Sports Diplomacy ； Soft Power ； Public Diplomacy

參考文獻

Bibliography

English Resources

Books

Bailey, Carol A. 1996. A Guide to Field Research. California: Pine Forge Press.

Horne, John, and Wolfram Menzenreiter. 2006. "An introduction to the sociology of sports mega-events." In Sports mega-events: social scientific analyses of a global phenomenon, by John Horne and Wolfram Menzenreiter. Blackwell Publishing.