台灣老年人之生活滿意度與相關因子

Life satisfaction and associated factors in older Taiwanese

許芸綾(Yun-Ling Shu)

指導教授 ： 王理

中山醫學大學/健康管理學院/公共衛生學系碩士班/碩士(2009年)

https://doi.org/10.6834/CSMU.2009.00033

摘要

目的：本研究以1996至2003年七年長期追蹤資料，探討台灣65歲以上之老年人其生活滿意度是否會受自覺健康、自覺經濟、居住安排、社會支持、休閒活動及憂鬱之影響；以及自覺經濟狀況與社會支持是否會隨著時間演變而對於老年人之生活滿意度的影響有所變化。
方法：以衛生署國健局「台灣地區中老年身心社會生活狀況長期追蹤調查系列」資料庫之1996、1999及2003年三次調查，分析樣本共837位65歲以上的老年人。以廣義估計方程式分別以男性及女性分層進行自覺健康、自覺經濟、居住安排、社會支持、休閒活動及憂鬱等變項與生活滿意度之相關性分析。
結果：在1996、1999及2003年三次調查中，男性老年人之生活滿意度受到自覺健康、自覺經濟、居住安排、社會支持、休閒活動及憂鬱的影響；在自覺經濟與年度的交互作用上，以1996年為比較基準，僅於1999年男性老年人自覺經濟愈佳者生活滿意度愈佳。而社會支持與年度對於男性老年人之生活滿意度並未觀察到交互作用的存在。女性老年人之生活滿意度則受到自覺健康、自覺經濟、休閒活動及憂鬱的影響；在自覺經濟與年度對於女性老年人之生活滿意度的交互作用上，以1996年為比較基準，僅於2003年女性老年人自覺經濟最佳者生活滿意度較佳。在社會支持與年度對於女性老年人之生活滿意度的交互作用上，以1996年為比較基準，則僅於1999年接受中社會支持程度者，女性老年人生活滿意度較佳。
結論：在此縱貫性的研究中，我們發現影響老年人之生活滿意度在男女間有所不同；而此生活滿意度也會逐年受到不同因子之影響。

關鍵字

台灣老年人 ； 生活滿意度 ； 影響因子 ； 廣義估計方程式

並列摘要

Objective The purpose of this research was to examine life satisfaction for elderly, ages 65 and over, of Taiwan surveyed from 1996 to 2003 under various factors - health status, economic status, living arrangements, social support, leisure activities and depression, and discuss whether the life satisfaction influenced by the temporal variation of economic status and social support.

Methods According to three surveys in 1996, 1999, and 2003 obtained from the database〝The Longitudinal Sample Survey of Health and Living Status of the Elderly in Taiwan〞 by Taiwan Health Bureau, this research investigated 837 samples. Generalized estimation equations were used to analyze correlations among life satisfaction with perceived health status, perceived economic status, living arrangements, social support, leisure activities and depression for different genders.

Results The results of the surveys revealed that male elderly' life satisfaction was affected by health status, economic status, living arrangements, social support, leisure activities and depression. For the interaction of perceived economic status and survey time, taking 1996 data as foundation, male elderly feel life satisfaction better in 1999 due to better economic status. For the interaction of social support and survey time, male elderly consider that social support does not vary temporally to influence on life satisfaction. Female elderly' life satisfaction is affected by health status, economic status, leisure activities, and depression. For the interaction of perceived economic status and survey time, taking 1996 data as foundation, female elderly feel life satisfaction better in 2003 due to better economic status. For the interaction of social support and survey time, taking 1996 data as foundation, female elderly feel life satisfaction better in 1999 due to better social support.

Conclusion In this study, we found that the elderly' life satisfaction is related to different genders and the different factors influence temporally on life satisfaction.

並列關鍵字

the elderly of Taiwan ； generalized estimation equation

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