- 學位論文
絲瓜與黃瓜中幾丁聚醣生物活性之研究
Study on the biological activities of chitosan in Luffa aegytiaca Mill and Cucumis sativus L.
摘要
絲瓜(Luffa aegytiaca Mill)與黃瓜(Cucumis sativus L.)是省產重要的蔬菜來源，為台灣夏季極受消費者歡迎的一種蔬菜。由於新鮮絲瓜中含有幾丁聚醣的成份，是目前頗受矚目的天然高分子材料。本研究取得絲瓜和黃瓜之泡沫分離物，再提高其幾丁聚醣的純度後，進行特性及功能性之評估，包括保濕、抗菌及抗誘突變之能力等。 本研究以泡沫分離法取得絲瓜肉、黃瓜肉、絲瓜皮及黃瓜皮之不同程度去乙醯的幾丁聚醣及高純度幾丁聚醣等樣品進行探討。由結果可知，不同去乙醯程度之絲瓜肉、絲瓜皮、黃瓜肉及黃瓜皮皆含有幾丁聚醣之單體(glucosamine及N-acetyl-glucosamine)，且絲瓜的幾丁聚醣含量高於黃瓜，且瓜肉高於瓜皮。絲瓜肉及絲瓜皮之超高純度幾丁聚醣，有顯著的吸水及保濕性。在抑菌作用方面，絲瓜和黃瓜中幾丁聚醣皆能抑制金黃色葡萄球菌和痤瘡丙酸桿菌之生長。此外，絲瓜和黃瓜中幾丁聚醣皆可有效降低誘突變劑(N-methyl-N’-nitro-N-nitroso- guanidine; MNNG、t-BuOOH及2-amino-3-methylimidazo-〔4,5-f〕-quinoline; IQ)對Salmonella typhimurium TA98、TA100及TA102之誘突變性，無論有無S9的存在下，抑制誘突變之效果呈劑量正相關，當劑量為1mg/plate時，其抑制率可達58%。
並列摘要
Luffa aegytiaca Mill and Cucumis sativus L. are important summer vegetables and very popular in Taiwan. The chitosan in the fresh loofah is a natural high polymer material that attracts attention at present. This study was to get the foam separates of loofah and cucumber with high chitosan purity and to evaluate their functions on water holding, antibacteria and antimutagenicity. Foam separates of loofah flesh, loofah peel, cucumber flesh and cucumber peel and their deacetylated products were used in this study. Results revealed that foam separates of loofah flesh, loofah peel, cucumber flesh and cucumber peel after various deacetylation contained glucosamine. Loofah contained higher chitosan than that of cucumber, and also higher in flesh than in peel. Ultra pure chitosan products of loofah flesh and loofah peel were found high ability on water holding. All chitosan products effectively suppressesd the survival of Staphylococcus aureaus and Propionibacterium acnes and showed dose-dependent manner. Furthermore, chitosan products of loofah and cucumber effectively reduced the mutagenicity of mutagenic agents〔N-methyl-N’-nitro- N-nitroso-guanidine(MNNG), t-BuOOH, 2-amino-3-methylimidazo-〔4,5-f〕-quinoline(IQ)〕toward Salmonella typhimurium TA98, TA100 and TA102. The supressiion ratio reached 58% at dose of 1mg/plate.