以感應耦合電漿質譜儀檢測尿液與毛髮中微量鉑元素分析方法開發及應用

Development and Application of Inductively Coupled Plasma Mass Spectrometry Method to Determination Trace Platinum in Urine and Hair

陳俊維(Chun-Wei Chen)

指導教授 ： 張士昱 ； 張耀仁

中山醫學大學/健康管理學院/公共衛生學系/碩士(2019年)

https://doi.org/10.6834/CSMU201900072

摘要

鉑相關化合物在許多文獻中已被證實會導致人體健康上的危害，特別是在職業場所的暴露，必須定期評估以獲得重要的監測數據。由於環境與人體中鉑濃度極低，需有適合分析技術加以量測，所得結果才具有參考價值，因此本研究目的是利用感應耦合電漿質譜儀開發檢測尿液及毛髮中微量鉑元素最適化分析方法，並應用於作業環境暴露的生物監測。本文提出以1 %硝酸與1 %鹽酸混合溶液能獲得最佳鉑訊號感度與穩定性且非常容易製備，為分析微量鉑元素最適化樣品稀釋溶液。尿液檢體僅需100 μL，以最適化樣品稀釋液稀釋30倍後直接分析；毛髮樣品僅需20 mg，並使用2 mL濃硝酸以50 ℃加熱2小時進行樣品前處理，再以最適化稀釋液經30倍稀釋後分析，無需複雜的樣品前處理程序與昂貴的設備，且皆未有明顯基質影響。尿液與毛髮方法偵測極限分別為0.265 ng/L、0.046 ng/g。精密度(CV %)與準確度(RE %)皆小於5 %、樣品添加回收率為100 ± 3 %，方法確效皆獲得滿意的結果。一般族群尿液鉑檢測結果為4.369 ± 2.284 ng/L (n=20)、醫療機構職業暴露族群鉑濃度為5.015 ± 2.206 ng/L，兩者無統計顯著差異(p value = 0.0995)。一般族群毛髮中鉑濃度介於0.09 ~ 0.46 ng/g。本文所開發之微量鉑元素分析方法相較於先前文獻提出的程序，更為簡單且穩定可靠，並且具較低試劑、設備成本，可供各實驗室操作參考。

關鍵字

鉑 ； 感應耦合電漿質譜儀 ； 方法確效 ； 尿液 ； 毛髮

並列摘要

Platinum related compound have been shown in many literatures to cause human health hazards, particularly in occupational exposure, that must be assessed periodically to obtain important monitoring data. Due to the extremely low concentration of platinum in the environment and human body, it is necessary to have the results obtained from the measurement of suitable analytical technology in order to have the value of reference. Therefore, the purpose of this study is to develop the optimal analysis method for detecting trace platinum in urine and hair using inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometer (ICP-MS), and applied to the work environmental exposure biological monitoring. In our study, the optimum platinum signal sensitivity and stability were obtained with a mixed solution of 1 % nitric acid and 1 % hydrochloric acid, which was very easy to prepare, for the analysis of the most suitable sample dilution solution for trace platinum. The urine sample volume is only 100 μL, and it is directly detected after dilution 30 times with the optimized solution. The hair sample needs only 20 mg, and the sample is pretreated with 2 mL concentrated nitric acid at 50 °C for 2 hours, subsequently diluted with the optimal dilution for 30 times. Sample pre-treatment is not required complicated procedures and expensive equipments. The method detection limit for urine and hair were 0.265 ng/L and 0.046 ng/g, respectively. Precision (CV %)and accuracy (RE %) less than 5%, spiked recovery was 100 ± 3 %. The results of the method validation were satisfactory. The platinum levels in urine of the general population were 4.369 ± 2.284 ng/L (n=20), occupational exposure groups in medical institutions were 5.015 ± 2.206 ng/L (n=20). There was no statistically significant difference (p value = 0.0995). The concentration of platinum in the hair of the general population ranges from 0.09 to 0.46 ng/g. The trace platinum analysis method developed in this study is simpler, robustness and reliable than the procedure proposed in the previous literature, and has lower reagents and equipment costs, which can be used in routine laboratories.

並列關鍵字

platinum ； ICP-MS ； method validation ； urine ； hair

參考文獻

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