以社區長者觀點探討尊重之內涵及健康服務中的尊重：質性研究

研究背景與目的：尊重看似稀鬆平常卻有不同的內涵，同時也是健康服務提供者應該留意之議題，先前研究對於尊重定義較不明確，且鮮少研究比較不同情境的尊重，因此本研究以彰化社區長者為對象，應用質性研究深度訪談，描繪社區長者對於日常情境中的尊重內涵，並探討長者對於健康服務中的尊重之看法。研究方法：本研究使用質性研究設計，透過訪談大綱對彰化縣鹿港鎮及二水鄉社區長者進行深度訪談。以方便性及配合度為考量方式選取彰化鹿港及二水兩地為研究場域，取得當地社區關懷據點及衛生所之協助，邀請當地之長者為本研究對象，由受過訓練之四名訪員進行訪談，訪談日期介於民國109年11月18日至民國110年1月27日之間，訪談時間介於15分至65分，以訊息飽和為停止收案之原則，共完訪52人(鹿港28位、二水24位)，平均年齡75歲，女性佔多數(36人)。所有訪談轉為逐字稿之後，採用主題分析法分析受訪者之回應。研究結果：受訪長者以日常生活經驗所認為的尊重表現可以分為言語及作為兩面向，在言語面向之尊重包括：語調溫和、笑著說話、有回應及避免衝突;在作為面向之尊重包括：公平、理解他人、不越線、好來好去、重視、禮貌及孝順。就健康服務使用經驗而言，發現長者多以服務提供者的表現來論述健康服務場域中之尊重，除同樣包含言語、作為之外，另包括態度、專業及環境面向來表現尊重。本研究亦發現長者所描繪的尊重會因不同社會人口學特徵而異。結論：本研究發現：對於社區長者而言，尊重是個人對於人際互動過程的主觀感受。且發現長者認為健康服務中的尊重與其對於日常生活經驗為出發的尊重有所不同。

關鍵字

社區；長者；尊重；健康服務

並列摘要

Objectives: Respect seems to be commonplace but are consists of different connotations, and it is also a topic that health service providers should pay attention to. Previous studies have been less clear on the definition of respect, and few studies have compared respect in different situations. Therefore, this study focuses on the elderly in the Changhua community. Applying qualitative research in-depth interviews, describing the connotation of respect for community elders in daily situations, and discussing the elderly’s views on respect for health services. Methods: This study uses a qualitative research design to conduct in-depth interviews with elders in Lukang Township and Ershui Township communities in Changhua County through the interview outline. Taking convenience and coordination as considerations, Changhua Lukang and Ershui were selected as the research sites, and the local community care stations and public health center were assisted. The local elders were invited as the research subjects. Interviews were conducted by four well-trained interviewers. The interview date was between November 18, 2021 to January 27, 2021 and the interview time was between 15 minutes to 65 minutes. A total of 52 people were interviewed based on the principle of information saturation (28 in Lukang and 24 in Ershui), with an average age of 75 years old, with a majority of women (36). After all the interviews were converted to verbatim manuscripts. Thematic analysis method was used to analyze the responses of the interviewees. Results: The elders interviewed based on their daily life experience of respect can be divided into two aspects: verbal and action. The verbal aspect of respect includes: gentle tone, speaking with a smile, responding and avoiding conflict. The action aspect of respect includes: fairness, understand others, do not cross lines, have a good rapport with others, value, be polite and filial. As far as the experience of using health services is concerned, it is found that elders use the performance of service providers to discuss respect in the field of health services. In addition to verbal and action aspects, respect also can be showed in the attitude, professionalism and environmental aspects. This study also found that the respect portrayed by the elderly varies with different sociodemographic characteristics. Conclusions: This study found that: for the community elders, respect is the individual's subjective feelings about the process of interpersonal interaction. And it is found that the elders think that the respect in health services is different from the respect based on daily life experience.

並列關鍵字

community ； the elderly ； respect ； health services

參考文獻

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以社區長者觀點探討尊重之內涵及健康服務中的尊重：質性研究

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