微波輔助於多重濫用藥物毛髮檢驗之研究與探討

Study on microwave assisted to determination of multi-drugs of abuse for hair sample testing

陳虹吟(Hung-Yin Chen)

指導教授 ： 張耀仁

中山醫學大學/醫學院/醫學分子毒理學研究所/碩士(2011年)

摘要

濫用藥物一直是全球性的重要問題，在國內的情況日益嚴重。除了常見的安非他命、海洛因外，新興毒品包括搖頭丸、K他命等毒品的濫用也有逐漸增加的趨勢。毛髮檢體具有方便、非侵入性及較長檢測視窗的優點，因此近年來毛髮檢驗逐漸受到重視。然而，使用氣相層析質譜儀進行毛髮中毒品之分析，需先進行較耗時之萃取與衍生化反應，因此，本研究希望以微波輔助來縮短其檢驗時間，由於實驗專用微波爐相較於家用微波爐昂貴數百倍，因此本研究使用一般家用微波爐，並且建立符合常規操作之多樣品之微波條件。研究針對國內常見毒品，包含：甲基安非他命、安非他命、亞甲基雙氧甲基安非他命、亞甲基雙氧安非他命、K他命、NK他命、嗎啡、可待因、6-乙醯嗎啡等9種不同的濫用藥物及其代謝物進行廣泛性探討。實驗首先分組找出各藥物之最佳的微波衍生之條件 (微波功率與時間)，隨後加以最佳化，以達多重藥物分析之目的。其次，評估家用微波爐內功率之均勻度，建立常規操作所需之多樣品分析之微波條件，以應用在大量檢體之常規分析上。

關鍵字

濫用藥物 ； 毛髮檢驗 ； 氣相層析質譜儀 ； 微波輔助

並列摘要

Drug abuse has been an important global issue, and it is more and more serious in Taiwan. In addition amphetamines and heroin, new drugs including ketamine, methylenedioxymethamphetamine (MDMA) and so on are also gradually increasing. Because of its convenient, non-invasive and long detection window, hair sample is used for drug of abuse testing recently. GC-MS is still the most common comfirmation analysis for drug of abuse in hair; however, it often needs time-consuming exaction and derivatization in the routine sample treatment. The purpose of this research was study the effects caused by the introduction of microwave energy in both exaction and derivatization steps for the determination of multi-drugs of abuse in human hair. Nine abused drugs and their metabolites including methamphetamine, amphetamine, methylenedioxy methamphetamine, methylenedioxy amphetamine, ketamine, norketamine, morphine, codeine, and 6-acetylmorphine were used for evaluation. Due to cheaper cost, the household microwave oven was used and evaluated to establish the experimental conditions including microwave power and irradiational time. Overall, this study suggests that the use of microwave energy could be very effective as a tool to accelerate hair testing as quickly and efficiently as possible, and would be further application for routine analysis.

並列關鍵字

Drugs of abuse ； hair testing ； gas chromatography / mass spectrometry (GC/MS)、microwave-assisted

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