代謝症候群危險因素之探討：以台灣地區男性調查為例

背景：代謝症候群已成為台灣一個嚴重的公共衛生問題，迫切需要確實有效預防代謝症候群的策略，特別是對於高盛行率之男性和缺乏健康生活方式的民眾。目的：本研究的目的是探討影響男性代謝症候群之危險因素，以及危險因素主要作用和交互作用對男性代謝症候群之影響。方法：本研究為橫斷式研究設計，運用2005-2008年台灣營養與健康調查的全國代表性樣本的數據進行分析。選取18歲以上男性共1129位圍研究對象，分析的資料包括人口學特性，問卷內容包括生活型態和飲食行為。代謝症候群指標因子資料，包括人體測量項目(腰圍及血壓)和血液化學的數據(高密度脂蛋白膽固醇、血糖及三酸甘油脂)。運用描述性統計，單變項邏輯迴歸和多變項邏輯迴歸進行分析，以確定與代謝症候群相關性。結果：台灣男性代謝症候群盛行率為27.43％，且盛行率隨著年齡增長而升高。多變項迴歸分析結果顯示，與男性代謝症候群顯著相關因素，包括年齡、與家人同住、生活型態(抽菸和嚼檳榔)和飲食型態(咖啡)。影響18-44歲男性發生代謝症候群顯著相關因素，包括與家人同住(OR=3.54)、已戒菸(OR=4.97)，目前抽菸(OR=4.10)、身體活動(OR=0.58）和咖啡（OR=0.20）；顯著影響45-64歲男性發生代謝症候群顯著相關因素有抽菸(OR=2.38)、檳榔(OR=2.52)及茶飲(OR=0.47); 已戒菸(OR=2.13）是65歲以上顯著和代謝症候群相關的因素。抽菸和嚼檳榔及咖啡和茶飲交互作用，對不同年齡層出現顯著不同程度代謝症候群及其指標因子的風險。結論：由研究結果可以用來作為代謝症候群防治之參考，如需積極教育男性不抽菸或戒菸，不嚼檳榔或戒除咀嚼檳榔，鼓勵喝不添加糖的咖啡和避免喝含糖茶飲料，以降低發生代謝症候群之風險。

關鍵字

代謝症候群；危險因素；男性

並列摘要

Background： Metabolic syndrome (MetS) is a serious public health problem in Taiwan and highlight an urgent need to implement effective strategies to prevent MetS, particularly for male adults and those lacking a healthy lifestyle. Objectives: The purpose of this study was to explore associations between MetS and risk factor and examined the main effect of risk factor and its interaction on MetS among male adults. Methods: This cross-sectional study analyzed data from a nationally representative sample that participated in the 2005–2008 Nutrition and Health Survey in Taiwan. The sample (1129 participants older than 18 years) provided data on demographic characteristics, lifestyle and diet behaviors, anthropometric measurements, and blood chemistry panel. These data were analyzed by descriptive statistics, univariate logistic regression, and multivariate logistic regression to determine factors associated with metabolic syndrome. Results: MetS had a prevalence of 27.43%, and this prevalence increased with age. In multvariate logistic regression analysis, MetS was associated with age, living with family members, and lifestyle behaviors (smoking and betel quid chewing), and diet behaviors (coffee) among total males. The significant factors associated with MetS include living with family (OR=3.54), former smoking (OR=4.97), current smoking (OR=4.10), physical activity (OR=0.58) and coffee (OR=0.20) among 18-44 years of old; and current smoking (OR=2.38), betel quid chewing (OR=2.52) and tea (OR=0.47) among 45-64 years of old; and former smoking (OR=2.13) among≧65 years of old. Significant interaction effects were observed between the smoking and betel-quid chewing, coffee and tea drinking behaviors and age as far risk of developing MetS. Conclusions: These results can guide healthcare providers in reducing MetS risk by encouraging males to reduce or quit cigarette smoking and to quit chewing betel-quid and drink coffee and avoid tea drinks.