探討血脂異常者營養衛教之影響

Effect of Nutrition Education for subjects with Dyslipidemia

陳怡寧(I-Ning Chen)

指導教授 ： 徐成金

中山醫學大學/健康管理學院/營養學研究所/碩士(2013年)

https://doi.org/10.6834/CSMU.2013.00218

摘要

本研究主要目的在探討營養衛教之介入對於血脂異常病患的影響與成效。飲食衛教介入的評估是採單組前後比較的研究設計，針對本院新陳代謝科150名具有血脂異常之病患進行衛教介入，介入方案自 100年10月起實施半年追蹤。個案介入前、中、後皆採集血液樣本測量各項血脂數值，並以結構式問卷在衛教介入前、後面訪受試者以收集與介入成效或血脂質變化有關的資料。飲食衛教介入的實施方式是針對受試者進行個別衛教，且每3個月個案回診後再施予 1 次個別衛教。
本研究的飲食衛教介入使血脂異常患者三酸甘油酯顯著下降 52.64 mg/dl
、總膽固醇顯著下降26.61mg/dl、低密度脂蛋白膽固醇顯著下降26.59mg/dl，高密度脂蛋白膽固醇雖下降但未達顯著。飲食衛教介入後，發現營養知識提昇具顯著差異且衛教介入也使喝酒人數顯著減少，飲食行為的改善有正向的關係。飲食衛教介入也使受試者藉著營養知識的提昇及飲食行為改變有效地降低三酸甘油酯、總膽固醇及低密度脂蛋白膽固醇。除了研究中對血脂異常者進行的飲食衛教介入能有效地改善血脂數值外，受試者本身的慢性病數多寡也與血脂質改善有顯著關係。這可能是受試者自身健康較差的客觀因素使受試者更重視自身血脂質的控制。由以上分析結果得知，增強營養知識、態度皆有助於增強及維持健康飲食行為。

關鍵字

血脂異常 ； 營養衛教 ； 介入成效 ； 營養知識 ； 飲食行為

並列摘要

This research investigated the effects of nutritional education for dyslipidemia patients to influence and effectiveness. We included 150 dyslipidemia patients from Endocrinology Department in our hospital in October, 2011, and the program was processed for 6 months. Individual nutrition education for each subject was processed every 3 months. Blood samples were collected for each subject before, within and after the nutrition education intervention to examine the variation of lipid associated fctors. Structured questionnaires were also used before and after the intervention to collect the data reflected the influence of the intervention upon change of blood lipid. Results showed that plasma triglyceride of the dyslipidemia patients decreased 52.64 mg/dl, plasma total cholesterol decreased 26.61 mg/dl, low-density lipoprotein cholesterol also decreased 26.59 mg/dl, but high-density lipoprotein cholesterol did not significantly decrease. Furthermore, this education program also improved patients’ nutritional knowledge, dietary behavior and lowered the number of alcoholic drinkers. In addition, the quantities of patients with chronic disease were likely reduced, which might attenuate dyslipidemia. These results suggest that the improvement of nutrition knowledge and attitude from appropriate nutritional education could improve and maintain healthy dietary behavior.

並列關鍵字

dyslipidemia ； nutrition education ； interventional effectiveness ； nutrition knowledge ； dietary behavior

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