我國私立大專校院轉型及退場之研究

The Transformation and Withdrawal for Private Colleges and Universities in Taiwan

陳玉君(Chen Yu-Chun)

指導教授 ： 秦夢群

國立政治大學/教育學院/教育學系/博士(2020年)

https://doi.org/10.6814/NCCU202000748

摘要

本研究僅就私立大專校院轉型及退場的現況、面臨的問題進行探討，以文件分析法歸納相關議題，並使用問卷調查法了解利害關係人的看法，實際蒐集239份問卷，有效回收176份，回收率為73.6%，以敘述統計、成對樣本t考驗、重要－表現分析（IPA）、重要－表現差距分析(IPGA)及重要－可行分析（IFA）進行量化分析，最後，提出研究結果與討論，分別就教育行政主管機關、私立大專校院以及未來研究提出建議，供其參酌。本研究獲得以下結論：
一、私立大專校院轉型及退場機制的內涵可分為：轉型及退場機制、學生權益、教師權益及校產處置等四個面向。
二、面臨轉型及退場之私立大專校院現況多為技職體系學校，均位於非都會區且因財務問題而轉型、停辦，校地若非自有，轉型過程較為順遂。
三、利害關係人認為轉型及退場之各項議題均相當重要，最滿意現況之議題為「教職員工薪資、資遣費及超額年金，應優先於普通債權及無擔保之優先債權受清償」，認為未來推動最可行性之項目為「教師可比照勞工每月提撥一定金額之保費，以便遭資遣時，領取失業保險給付」。
四、IPA分析指出利害關係人對私立大專校院轉型及退場現況評價及期望程度，均出現顯著差距性看法。
五、IPGA分析得知利害關係人對於財務指標及積欠教職員薪資，以及未來立法能突破現行私立學校法規範等項目，有相對較迫切之改善期望。
六、IFA分析指出處理私立大專校院轉型及退場應推動事項之優先順序。
七、提出私立大專校院轉型及退場政策的調整及優化策略。

關鍵字

大專校院轉型及退場 ； 學生權益 ； 教師權益 ； 校產公共性

並列摘要

This study aims to explore the status and the problems of transformation and withdrawal for private universities and colleges. First, adapting documentary analysis to collect and analyze related documents. Second, using questionnaire survey to explore the viewpoints of stakeholders. Actually released 239 questionnaires and 176 available samples were collected. The return rate is 73.6%. The data were analyzed by descriptive statistics analysis, paired sample t-test, Importance-Performance Analysis (IPA), Importance-Performance and Gap Analysis (IPGA) and Importance-Feasibility Analysis (IFA). Finally, presenting the research results, discussion and suggestion for education administration, private colleges and universities, and future research.
The findings of this study summarized as follows:
1. The transformation and withdrawal mechanism for private colleges and universities include four aspects: transformation and withdrawal mechanism, student rights, teacher rights and the arrangement of school property.
2. The private colleges and universities facing transformation and withdrawal are mostly from technical vocational education system. They are all located in non-metropolitan areas and have been transformed or closed due to financial problems. The transformation process will be smoother, if the school campus does not owned by itself.
3. Stakeholders believe that all issues of transformation and withdrawal are very important. The most satisfied issue of status is "Faculty and staff salaries, severance payments and excess pension, which should be more prioritized than ordinary claims and unsecured priority claims to be paid off." They think that the most feasible project to promote in the future is "To allocate amount of pension to teachers every month as labors, so that they can be offred unemployment insurance benefits when they are dismissed."
4. IPA analysis indicated that stakeholders have significant difference in the evaluation and expectation of the status of private universities and colleges’ transformation and withdrawal.
5. IPGA analysis indicated that stakeholders have relatively urgent expectations for improvement in some issues, including financial indicator, staff salary arrears, and breaking through the current regulations for private universities and colleges.
6. IFA analysis indicated that the priority of matters that should be promoted in the transformation and withdrawal of private colleges and universities.
7. Proposing the adjustment and optimization strategies for the policies of private universities and colleges’ transformation and withdrawal.

並列關鍵字

Transformation and Withdrawal of colleges and universities ； Student Rights ； Teacher Rights ； Publicity of School Property

參考文獻

葉連祺（2018）。教育行政學位論文應用計量分析方法改善及相關量化分析發展。學校行政，116，147-211。doi:10.6423/HHHC.201807_(116).0007

壹、中文部分

中時電子報（2018）。高美醫專8月起停招停辦。取自https://www.chinatimes.com/newspapers/20180608000776-260114?chdtv

中時電子報（2018）。康寧大學申請改回專科。取自https://www.chinatimes.com/newspapers/20181017000579-260114?chdtv

公視新聞網（2018）。亞太臨時董事司法裁定「工會董事」。取自https://news.pts.org.tw/article/416875