繁文縟節與有效規則？檢視大學承接非科技部政府計畫的行政問題

隨著現代社會對於政府的期許，在越來越多的議題上，政府需要借重大學的學術專業以完成各種政策目標。過去雖然不乏政府業務委託外包或公私夥伴關係的研究，但卻鮮少看到針對大學承接政府科技部以外之計畫，甚至是站在第一線研究助理之角度進行討論的研究。本文主要採取紮根理論與深度訪談的方式進行，前者幫助我們整理背景以及對於受訪對象的理解，後者則搭配文獻中Barry Bozeman的繁文縟節與DeHart Davis. L有效規則概念，對研究問題作出回應與解答。另外，受惠於訪談時來自田野的建議，本文從五所大學，其網頁說明與相關流程規範的輪廓中，整理出了減輕行政負擔的可行作法。本研究發現，計畫時程的安排，對整個委託補助計畫乃至於大學和研究助理都有直接的影響，政府若訂定過於倉促的時程，可能使原本欲借重大學學術專業的美意，無法充分落實。同時於行政體系內，不適當的模糊規則，將使得規則自行增生，降低計畫執行效率。研究助理在面對繁複或不合時宜的行政規範時，有時會輪為與行政人員互相虛應，消耗額外之研究能量。因此建議政府與學校，應重新檢視大學承接非科技部計畫的本質與適用規則，而在學校裡面，應強化授權分工與資訊系統。前者可以縮短行政流程的長度，後者可以使各處室資訊更公開好用，並且彼此進一步整合，以提升行政效率。最後，學校與校內研究團隊，應建立良好的培訓機制，增進學校行政人員與研究助理之間的交流與合作。

關鍵字

政府業務委託補助；繁文縟節；有效規則

並列摘要

Evolving expectations of government performances from modern societies have resulted in government relying more and more on universities to accomplish various policy objectives related to diverse issues. In the past, although there were a lot of researches on government contracting out or on public private partnerships, few studies have touched upon government-university cooperation on non-Ministry of Science and Technology (MOST) projects, especially from the perspectives of front line research assistants This study mainly adopts grounded theory and in-depth interviews to answer it’s research question. Grounded theory is utilized in the organizing of the issue background and in the understanding of the interviewee. Data obtained from in-depth interviews are processed with Barry Bozeman’s red tape and DeHart Davis L’s green tape concepts to generate a comprehensive response to the research question. In addition, as per suggestions from interviewees, this article has also compared five universities’ rules, processes and website contents on non-MOST government projects. Results derived from these comparisons contribute toward developing concrete suggestions for the reduction of administrative burdens. Results revealed that timing and scheduling decisions have a significant impact on university and research assistant’s approach to the project being commissioned. A hasty government project schedule would result in many areas of the project not being fully realized. On the other hand, for administrative norms, unwritten or ambiguous rules should be reduced as they can thereby lead to ever-increasing red tape. When confronted with repetitive or ill-fitting regulations, administrative staffs (regulators) and research assistants would default to performing unnecessary and superficial tasks in their interactions, all in order to fulfill compliance burdens, sapping additional research resources and time. In addition, the government should categorize each rule and relation as either in need of modification. The university should strengthen the authorization, decentralization and information systems. The former can make the administrative process shorter, and the latter can result in increased information integration to improve administrative efficiency. Finally, university and research teams should establish good training mechanisms to enhance information exchanges and stakeholders’ cooperation. This study mainly adopts grounded theory and in-depth interviews to answer it’s research question. Grounded theory is utilized in the organizing of the issue background and in the understanding of the interviewee. Data obtained from in-depth interviews are processed with Barry Bozeman’s red tape and DeHart Davis L’s green tape concepts to generate a comprehensive response to the research question. In addition, as per suggestions from interviewees, this article has also compared five universities’ rules, processes and website contents on non-MOST government projects. Results derived from these comparisons contribute toward developing concrete suggestions for the reduction of administrative burdens. Results revealed that timing and scheduling decisions have a significant impact on university and research assistant’s approach to the project being commissioned. A hasty government project schedule would result in many areas of the project not being fully realized. On the other hand, for administrative norms, unwritten or ambiguous rules should be reduced as they can thereby lead to ever-increasing red tape. When confronted with repetitive or ill-fitting regulations, administrative staffs (regulators) and research assistants would default to performing unnecessary and superficial tasks in their interactions, all in order to fulfill compliance burdens, sapping additional research resources and time. In addition, the government should categorize each rule and relation as either in need of modification. The university should strengthen the authorization, decentralization and information systems. The former can make the administrative process shorter, and the latter can result in increased information integration to improve administrative efficiency. Finally, university and research teams should establish good training mechanisms to enhance information exchanges and stakeholders’ cooperation.