高中教師個人-組織適配與工作倦怠、 組織公民行為關係之研究

本研究旨在研討高中教師個人-組織適配與教師工作倦怠、組織公民行為關係之研究，並探究工作倦怠在個人-組織適配與組織公民行為之間是否具有中介變項的效果。本研究係採問卷調查法，以北部地區（非完全中學）共112所高中學校教師為樣本母群體，採取分層隨機抽樣的方式，抽出800位受試者，回收有效問卷數752份，所得資料分別以描述性統計、獨立樣本t考驗、單因子變異數分析及多元迴歸分析等統計方法進行資料的分析與處理，藉以瞭解高中教師知覺個人-組織適配與教師工作倦怠、組織公民行為之現況、差異情形及其預測力。研究結論如下：一、北部高中教師個人-組織適配現況屬於中上程度，其中以「個人與同事適配度」最高。二、北部高中教師工作倦怠之表現程度屬於中下程度，以「情緒耗竭」最高。三、當前高中教師之組織公民行為表現屬於中等程度，以「對學生之公民行為」最佳。四、性別、擔任職務等二個背景變項在個人-組織適配、工作倦怠、組織公民行為上有顯著差異，以「女性」、「41歲以上」、「教師兼任導師職務者」在工作倦怠的知覺情況較高。五、服務總年資及本校服務年資等二個背景變項在個人-組織適配與工作倦怠上有顯著差異，以服務10年以內之教師在個人與學校的適配度上高於服務16年以上的教師。而服務年資在11-15年的教師工作倦怠感較高。六、年齡、學歷等兩個背景變項在高中教師個人-組織適配、工作倦怠上無顯著差異，在組織公民行為上有顯著差異。七、高中教師個人-組織適配對組織公民行為具顯著正相關及預測力。八、工作倦怠對個人-組織適配與組織公民行為具顯著負相關及預測力。九、工作倦怠在個人-組織適配與組織公民行為間具有部份中介效果。最後根據研究的發現與結果，逐項就「政策」、「組織」、「個人」等層面提出具體建議，以作為教育行政機關、高中校長、教師以及未來研究的參考。

關鍵字

個人-組織適配；工作倦怠；組織公民行為

並列摘要

The purpose of this study is to investigate the relationship among Person- Organization Fit (P- O fit), Burnout and Organizational Citizenship Behavior (OCB) of high school teachers. Furthermore, the mediating effect of person- organization fit and burnout on organizational citizenship behavior was examined. A survey research was conducted using a sample of high school teachers in 7 counties/cities in Northern Taiwan, excluding the complete schools. 800 teachers from 112 schools were selected by stratified random sampling. 752 valid sample data collected was analyzed and processed with the methods of descriptive statistics, t-test, one-way ANOVA, multiple-regression analysis. The major findings of this research are as follows: 1.Teacher’s P- O fit in Northern Taiwan is above average, “co- worker fit” ranks the top. 2.Teacher’s Burnout in Northern Taiwan is medium- to- low, “emotional exhaustion” ranks the top. 3.The OCB of teachers appears to be the average, “OCB-defending the individual students” ranks the top. 4.Two demographic variables, including gender and position show significant differences in P- O fit, Burnout, OCB. Teachers who are female, older than 41, work as the homeroom teacher show higher burnout. 5.Two demographic variables, total serving years and serving years in present school, show significant differences in P- O fit and Burnout. Teachers within 10 serving years are significantly higher than teachers for more than 16 years in “company fit”. Teachers within 11-15 serving years have higher sense of Burnout. 6.Two demographic variables, including age and education show no significant differences in P- O fit and Burnout, and show significant differences in OCB. 7.P- O fit is positively related to OCB. What’s more, P- O fit has positive direct effect on OCB. 8.Job Burnout is negatively related to P- O fit and OCB. What’s more, Job Burnout has significant negative effect on P- O fit and OCB. 9.Job Burnout has mediating effect on P- O fit and OCB. Based on the results of the research, suggestions that were related to “policy”, “organization”, and “person” for educational administration authorities, principals, teachers and future related study are proposed. Key Words: Person- Organization fit, Burnout, Organizational Citizenship Behavior