臺灣基督宗教教會檔案數位化之研究

教會檔案由於保存了相當豐富的資料，在音樂、語言、歷史等各領域上都能提供研究素材，因此在近年來逐漸受到學界的重視。而教會本身也開始重視自己的歷史而著手整理、數位化檔案，因此本研究針對國內教會檔案典藏單位進行數位典藏現況、實體典藏環境、人員專業度、編排描述規則以及教會檔案的開放應用情形進行調查，並提出完備的整理與數位典藏管理方式，希能提供教會檔案典藏單位未來參考之用。本研究以國內外教會檔案文獻為基礎，探討國內常見描述標準、數位化作業方式及美國各教會在教會檔案管理、編排描述上的作法，並採用深度訪談法對國內教會檔案典藏單位進行訪談。根據研究結果，提出以下結論：一、國內教會檔案數位典藏單位經由與政府單位合作後，在數位化作業流程、影像規格、後設資料、檢索系統均達到中央研究院數位典藏計畫標準建議，而典藏單位在計畫結束後，館方仍持續採用相關數位化流程及作業方式，顯示政府機關合作案具有輔導成效；二、國內教會檔案館在典藏環境上溫濕度控管雖有提升，但防火及蟲害防治則仍有改進空間，而檔管人員專業度也較過往相應有所提升，編排描述規則可分為依照組織架構編排分類及採用檔案分類及保存年限表兩種方式；三、教會檔案館對於紙本檔案的應用較為開放，僅有1館限制部分應用，數位檔案則是因資安疑慮，多數館仍採取限制IP。依據上述研究結論，本研究提出下列建議：一、改善檔案檢疫作業及庫房防火安全；二、確立教會檔案編排與描述規則；三、選擇後設資料標準；四、建議數位檔命名及備份轉置；五、整合跨機構資源；六、建議教會檔案典藏單位與政府單位合作進行數位化。

關鍵字

教會檔案；基督教會檔案；數位典藏；基督宗教；編排描述

並列摘要

The church archives have kept a wealth of materials and can provide research materials in various fields such as music, language, and history. Therefore, they have gradually attracted the attention of the academic circles in recent years. The church itself has also begun to pay attention to its own history to organize and digitize archives. Therefore, this thesis focuses on the current status of digital archives of domestic church archives, the physical archive environment, personnel professionalism, the rules of arrangement and description, and the open application of church archives. Also, this thesis proposes a complete methods for organizing and managing digital collections, hoping to provide future reference for church archives. Both of domestic and foreign church archives were investigated, this thesis explores domestic common description standards, digitized operation methods, and the practices of archival management, arrangement and description in American church archives, and uses in-depth interviews to conduct interviews with domestic church archives. Based on the research results, the following conclusions are put forward: 1. after cooperation with government agency, domestic church archives's digital collection have reached the sandards of the Academia Sinica Digital Archives in digitization workflow, image specifications, metadata, and retrieval systems. After the digital program, the church archives continued to adopt the relevant digital process and operation methods, showing the effect of counseling under the government agency cooperation; 2. the domestic church archives have improved the temperature and humidity control in the preservation environment, however which still has the improvement for fire prevention and pest control, and the professionalism of the archivist has been apparently improved compared with the past. The arrangement and description rules can be made according to the organizational structure or the records schedules; 3. most church Archives are open to the application of paper archives, only one of them has restriction in applications. As for digital archives, most archives take IP restrictions measure due to information security concerns. According to the above research conclusions, this thesis puts forward the following suggestions: 1. to improve archives quarantine operations and fire prevention of archival repository; 2. to establish church archives’s arrangment and description rules; 3. to set matedata standards; 4. to suggest naming rules and migration of digital archives; 5. to integrate cross-institutional resources; 6. to cooperate with government for church archives digitization.