- 學位論文
公共圖書館社區參與模式之研究
A Study on Models of Community Engagement in Public Libraries
摘要
本研究旨在瞭解我國公共圖書館社區參與模式及其經驗實務，並以臺北市立圖書館北投分館、苗栗縣三灣鄉立圖書館、臺中市立圖書館總館、臺中市立圖書館北屯分館、南投縣埔里鎮立圖書館，五所圖書館作為研究案例，進行以下三點探究：(1)探討公共圖書館在社區中的功能、其與社區的關係、以及社區參與的意涵；(2)探討公共圖書館社區參與的範圍、類型、元素、模式、策略與社區改善成效；(3)探討本研究所選定之公共圖書館個案其社區參與的實務與經驗，最終提出相關的結論與改善建議。 本研究採用深度訪談法作資料蒐集，並以主題分析法作資料分析。深度訪談法之研究對象由五所圖書館之館員共10人、及五所圖書館所合作之社區機構人員共9人，合計19人所組成。採立意取樣方式先選取這五所圖書館，以及當中含有豐富社區參與經驗之館員後，再以滾雪球抽樣方式，由館方代為引薦有社區參與經驗之社區機構方作為本研究之受訪者。 綜合訪談結果與相關文獻後，本研究發現目前我國國內的公共圖書館社區參與意涵在於「透過社區參與工作幫助民眾解決日常生活困難，亦可幫助圖書館提升館的使用率，使公共資源不會被忽略、閒置與浪費。」此外，本研究亦發現了我國公共圖書館社區參與的五種類型，分別為：(1)地方創生；(2)社區閱讀；(3)書目療法；(4)社區走讀；(5)社區營造，而除北投分館的地方創生已達至Goulding（2009）的圖書館社區參與第五步驟「賦權」外，其他圖書館仍較處於第三步驟的「參與」階段。於社區參與元素部分，本研究認為「公共圖書館的資源設備、館員的專業服務、空間、以及社區中的資源」是為構成社區參與的要件，可幫助圖書館更加的融入社區生活。 於經由歸納整理後更可發現公共圖書館社區參與的共通點，以描繪出我國公共圖書館社區參與模式：(1)社區參與的動機與類型；(2)覺察或開創社區需求；(3)社區參與類型與主題發想；(4)館員角色與工作內容的調整；(5)建立合作夥伴關係；(6)活動推廣宣傳與民眾意識的建立；(7)資源的輔助；(8)成效評估與改善；(9)更新活動以達永續性。 最終，根據本研究之研究結果提出我國公共圖書館社區參與未來發展的五點建議：(1)社區參與各式活動的主題與形式，以貼近民眾生活化且不死板的主題為優先；(2)嘗試建立屬於各公共圖書館社區參與的策略規劃與目標；(3)社區參與的成效評估與檢討方面能夠有較為完整的成果報告與紀錄；(4)嘗試發覺平時不常或未曾使用公共圖書館資源的社區民眾之需求，並向其加強推廣與宣傳；(5)增加公共圖書館的人力與資金等資源，以協助圖書館參與社區。此外，亦對社區提出三點建議：(1)增強社區領導者的號召力，並多鼓勵社區居民參與討論；(2)社區可多主動向公共圖書館尋求協助，並多利用圖書館這個平台進行諮詢；(3)鼓勵民眾多利用公共圖書館資源，為個人或社區找到問題的解答。
並列摘要
The study aims to investigate the community engagement models and practical experience of the public libraries in Taiwan, analyzing the case of Taipei Public Library, Beitou Branch, Sanwan Township Library of Miaoli County, Taichung Public Library, Taichung Public Library, Beitun Branch, and Puli Township Library of Nantou County to conduct the three investigation: (1) To discuss public libraries’ functions and relationships among communities and their meanings to community engagement. (2) To discuss the engagement of public libraries in the ranges, genres, elements, models, strategies, and the effectiveness of community improvement. (3) To discuss the practices and experiences of the five public libraries which the study selected. Eventually, the study comes to a conclusion and makes some recommendations. The study collected information by in-depth interview and analyzed by thematic analysis. In the methodology of in-depth interview, the subjects are 19, made up of 10 librarians from the five public libraries and 9 staff from the community institutions which cooperates with the five public libraries. After selecting the five libraries and the librarians having profound experience in community engagement by purposive Sampling, the study took advantage of snowball sampling to have the five public libraries recommend some community institutions having experience in community engagement as the interviewees of the study. After integrating the result of interview and relevant literatures, the study showed that the meaning of community engagement in public libraries in Taiwan recently concentrates on assisting the public to solve difficulties in their daily lives and to increase the utilization rate of libraries for fear of the waste of social resources. In addition, the study even found there are five genres that public libraries focus on: (1) Place-making. (2) Community Reading. (3) Bibliotherapy. (4) Community Footprint. (5) Community Construction. Except for Taipei Public Library, Beitou Branch, which has achieved the fifth stage “Empower” of Goulding (2009), the others are still at the third stage “Involve”. In the section of community engagement, from the study’s perspective, public libraries’ equipment, services from librarians, environment, and resources for community are essential to forming community engagement and beneficial to assimilating libraries into communities. After integrating the information, the study even demonstrated that public libraries to community engagement have something in common: (1) The motivations and genres of community engagement. (2) Discovering and creating the needs of communities. (3) The imagination of genres and themes to community engagement. (4) The adjustment to the position of librarians and job responsibility. (5) Establishing partnerships. (6) Promoting activities and establishing public consciousness. (7) Auxiliary resources (8) Performance appraisal and improvement. (9) Updating information for sustainable development. In conclusion, according to the result, there are five recommendations to the future development of community engagement in public libraries in Taiwan: (1) Give first priority to the themes being intriguing and close to public’s lives when libraries are going to hold activities related to community engagement. (2) Try to set up different strategies and targets belonging to each public library itself. (3) Make complete performance report for the performance appraisal and improvement of community engagement. (4) Try to discover the needs of the individuals from community who have never or seldom made use of resources from public libraries and to strongly promote the resources for them. (5) Strengthen the human resource management and financial management of public resources to assist libraries achieve the goal of community engagement. Furthermore, there are three suggestions for communities: (1) Strengthen the leadership of leaders in communities and have them encourage communities to make use of the resources from libraries. (2) Communities can ask for assists and solve problems by taking advantage of public libraries. (3) Encourage the public to utilize the resources from public libraries, in order to find out the answers to questions for individuals or communities.
參考文獻
延伸閱讀
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