影響老年人居住安排的決定因素

本文採用行政院衛福部於2007年提出之「中老年身心社會生活狀況長期追蹤調查」來探討影響老年人居住安排的決定因素，而本文所指的居住安排分為與子女同住與未與子女同住，並納入老年人之個人特質、居住情況、健康狀況、心理狀況、經濟狀況及子女之個人特質這六大類的解釋變數，採用binomial logit model來分析影響老年人是否與子女同住的因素。研究中發現：中國孝道觀念仍對我國老年人影響深遠，老年人在居住安排選擇上，多半選擇與子女同住。實證結果顯示，年齡越大、教育程度較低、省籍為本省人、沒有伴侶、居住於雙北地區、沒有住屋所有權、日常生活無困難、子女個數越多、平均年齡越輕及平均教育程度越低的老年人將會傾向與子女同住。最後，本文著重在老年人的心理層面上，因此加入與家人關係、關心、重視及包容程度四個指標，觀察心理因素對居住安排的影響，實證結果顯示：與家人關係越好、家人越關心老年人將會提高同住的意願，不過同時也觀察到長期同住的家庭，可能因為彼此某些生活習慣或做事方式不同，因此會出現摩擦的情況。

關鍵字

居住安排；老年人；心理因素

並列摘要

This article uses the " 2007 Taiwan Longitudinal Study on Aging " proposed by the Ministry of Health and Welfare to explore the determinants of the living arrangements of the elderly. In this article,I divided living arrangements into coresidence and nonresidence with child, and including the six major independent variables of the elderly’s personal characteristics, living conditions, health conditions, psychological conditions,economic conditions and the personal characteristics of their children, using the binomial logit model to analyze that factors of living together with the elderly. The study found that chinese concept of filial piety still has influence in our country, and most of the elderly choose to coreside with their children. The empirical results show that the older age, the lower education level, the Taiwanese , no partner, living in Taipei or New Taipei City, no housing ownership, no difficulty in daily life,more children,the children’s average age are younger will tend to live with their children. Finally, this article focuses on the psychological level of the elderly, so four indicators of relationship with family, care, attention, and tolerance are added to observe the impact of psychological factors on living arrangements. The empirical results show that the better relationship with family members,more concerned by family members will improve coresidence. But at the same time it has been observed that family relationship who live together for a long time may deteriorate because of their different living habits or ways of doing things.