非營利組織的數位轉型探討-以慈濟基金會為例

由於資訊科技不斷的進步，許多組織都走向了數位轉型的道路，對於非營利組織來說，也面臨了這波數位潮流的影響。然而目前學術上並未有針對非營利組織的數位轉型進行探討，過去的研究也止於個案式的科技導入，未有針對整體的數位策略進行探討。本研究透過研究慈濟基金會的數位轉型，希望能夠以我國目前最大非營利組織的數位轉型過程，不僅能夠未其他非營利組織提供經驗上的參考，同時也期待在學術上，為非營利組織的數位轉型提供前導性的研究，望未來的研究者進行參考。本研究首先針對數位轉型進行討論，目前在學術上，數位轉型的定義相當的模糊，但整體上來看，可以從「重視使用者體驗」和「增加對社會的影響力」兩種去判斷與過去單純只對組織內部的數位化不同，數位轉型是一個影響層次更大的面向。而在階段上，數位轉型也可分為三個階段，分別是數位化、數位優化與數位轉型三個階段，而本研究也由此去分析目前慈濟數位轉型的狀況，並進行論述和說明，最終希望能夠明白慈濟的數位面貌。同時本研究也以「策略管理」的角度，將慈濟的數位轉型區分成「總體策略」與「部門策略」，方便後續的研究探討，並免失去焦點。最後可以發現目前慈濟基金會在數位轉型的方式上，以專案的方式進行，透過各部門的討論，共同去擬定彼此在數位轉型上的計畫。而在進度上，目前的慈濟基金會大致上處在數位優化的階段，同時也因為近期才開始執行數位轉型相關的子計畫，因此在數位轉型的成效上目前仍然無法評估。各處室的數位轉型的進度上，也因為組織文化的不同，而有著不同的情形，造成了各處室有著不同的問題。整體來說，數位轉型對於非營利組織是一條未來必須要走的道路，特別是在未來的社會上，數位科技將會影響人們更多的生活層面，因此非營利組織需要去透過不同的方式去接軌數位轉型。而慈濟基金會的經驗，尚可以成為非營利組織一個未來參考的借鏡。

關鍵字

慈濟基金會；數位轉型；策略管理；非營利組織

並列摘要

Due to the continuous advancement of information technology, many organizations have moved on the path of digital transformation. For non-profit organizations, they are also facing the impact of this wave of digital trends. However, there is currently no academic discussion on the digital transformation of non-profit organizations, and past research has only limited to case-based technology introduction, and there is no discussion on the overall digital strategy. This research studies the digital transformation of the tzuchi Foundation, hoping that the digital transformation process of my country’s largest non-profit organization will not only provide empirical reference for other non-profit organizations, but also look forward to academically, for non-profit organizations. The digital transformation of the company provides leading research, and hopes that future researchers will refer to it. This research first discusses digital transformation. At present, the definition of digital transformation is quite vague in academic terms, but on the whole, it can be judged from the two aspects of "emphasis on user experience" and "increasing influence on society". It only differs from the digitization within the organization, and digital transformation is an aspect that has a greater impact. In terms of stages, digital transformation can also be divided into three stages, namely digitization, digital optimization, and digital transformation. This study also analyzes the current status of tzuchi’s digital transformation, and discusses and explains it. In the end, I hope to understand the digital face of tzuchi. At the same time, this research also divides tzuchi 's digital transformation into "overall strategy" and "departmental strategy" from the perspective of "strategic management" to facilitate subsequent research and discussion without losing focus. Finally, it can be found that the tzuchi Foundation's current digital transformation method is carried out in a project manner. Through discussions among various departments, they jointly formulate each other's digital transformation plans. In terms of progress, the current tzuchi Foundation is generally in the stage of digital optimization. At the same time, since the implementation of the sub-projects related to digital transformation has only recently begun, it is still impossible to evaluate the effectiveness of digital transformation. The progress of the digital transformation of each department is also different due to different organizational cultures, which has caused different problems in each department. On the whole, digital transformation is a path that non-profit organizations must take in the future. Especially in the future society, digital technology will affect people in more aspects of life. Therefore, non-profit organizations need to go through different ways. In line with digital transformation. The experience of the tzuchi Foundation can still serve as a reference for non-profit organizations in the future.