基於區塊鏈智能合約社群保險互助之研究

現今社會科技發展日新月異，各大產業爭相轉型，自動化操作模式以求減少人力，小至消費大至投資等與金流的關聯產業亦逐漸邁向電子化，加上全球新冠肺炎疫情影響，足不出戶還能完成日常所需已成趨勢；但在網路時代下，保險產業礙於金流、程式、公平性甚至到法律等理由，依然無法將投保、參與到出險結算等流程精簡化，甚至常有理賠爭議訴訟發生。老人互助會為一民間保險互助組織，起初希望能夠以繳會費方式讓長者在過世後，家屬能獲得一筆慰勞金為出發點，近年來卻多次爆出拖延理賠、涉嫌吸金等民刑事案件，終至政府介入處理。以上述兩點為由，本研究發展出一個互助平台為使用者提供保險管理，並在資料明確、資金透明且高安全性前提之下，達成線上化的平台保險投保和參與，在均一基準之下，採用風險池內的使用者共同承擔彼此出險的互助模式。平台主要保險商品為大眾最常使用的電子類產品，以相同商品不同序號為基礎，使得池內環境條件相同卻保有商品辨識性，再透過連接協力廠商應用程式介面數據資料庫達到公平性評判，創建出以API經濟為基礎之平台。平台使用者有二，保險發起人與保險參與人，倘若使用者欲保產品尚未擁有風險池，使用者即可對該商品發起保險方案，進而成為該商品風險池的發起人；使用者發起後亦可對方案加入，成為商品風險池參與者。發起參與的過程均透過智能合約記錄，其中包含對風險池方案的細項限制，透過區塊鏈的不可竄改性、交易資訊透明且可追溯的特性，讓平台使用者有安全保障，還能達成事後付款的機制，最終平台在從理賠費用中收取些許手續費達成收益。

關鍵字

自動化；保險管理；互助平台；區塊鏈；智能合約

並列摘要

In today's society, with the rapid development of technology, major industries are striving to transform and automate their operations in order to reduce manpower, and industries related to financial flow, from consumption to investment, are gradually moving towards electronization. However, the insurance industry is still unable to streamline the process of insurance, participation, and settlement due to financial flow, procedures, fairness, and even legal reasons, and there are often claims disputes and lawsuits. In recent years, The Mutual Aid Society for the Elderly have been a number of civil and criminal cases of delayed claims and suspected money-sucking. Based on the above two reasons, this study develops a mutual aid platform to provide insurance management for users, and achieves online platform under the premise of clear information, capital transparency and high security. The main insurance products of the platform are electronic products most commonly used by the public, based on different serial numbers of the same products, so that the environment conditions in the pool are the same and the products remain identifiable, and then through the connection of third-party API to achieve a fair evaluation. There are two types of platform users, insurance initiators and insurance participants. If a user wants to insure a product that does not have a insurance pool, the user can initiate a insurance solution for the product and become the initiator; The process of initiation and participation is recorded through smart contracts. Through the non-tamperable, transparent and traceable of blockchain, users of the platform are provided with security and protection, and a post-event payment mechanism can be achieved.