應用 Space-L 複雜網路模型分析雙北公共運輸供需評估及影響模型之研究

公共運輸作為現代都市中的重要交通工具，對於民眾出行與都會區的經濟發展有著重要作用。本研究依據雙北地區現有公車、捷運和輕軌三種公共運具的站點與路線建立Space-L複雜網路模型，運用複雜網路的視角來看待雙北地區公共運輸的發展狀況，並結合實際的客運量進行加權分析，得到符合實際出行特性的加權複雜網路模型，並探討雙北地區公共運輸站點與周邊土地使用之關聯，為地方政府實施公共運輸開發與改善提供參考。雙北地區的公共運輸站點多集中於台北市區中心及新北市各行政區市中心位置，本研究透過建立Space-L複雜網路模型得到雙北地區公車、捷運和輕軌各運具的複雜網絡模型，發現捷運為雙北地區最為便利之公共運具，但公車仍為雙北地區的重要公共運具，覆蓋的範圍最廣。依照同名、相近位置站點進行合併，結合各運具客運量與班次，建立多運具加權Space-L複雜網路模型，分析得到台北車站、西門站、公館站、板橋站和南京敦化路口站為雙北地區公共運輸站點最為便利且客運量最大之前五個站點。雙北地區雖多為供過於求站點，但仍存在淡水站、紅樹林站、北投站、士林站、劍潭站、台北車站、市政府站等公共運輸需求量較大之站點，多為轉乘站點與重要交通樞紐站點。在土地使用方面，人口多區域、高房價區域、女性多區域、使用公共運輸高比例族群人數多之區域、住宅區面積大、商業區面積大之區域、學校用地面積大之區域，皆對公共運輸產生正向影響，地方政府或公共運輸主管機關可改善此類區域的公共運輸環境來提升民眾使用公共運輸的意願度。

關鍵字

都市公共運輸； Space-L複雜網路模型；供需評估

並列摘要

As an important means of transportation in modern cities, public transportation plays an important role in people's travel and the economic development of urban areas. This study establishes the Space-L complex network model based on the stations and routes of the Bus, MRT and LRT in Taipei metropolitan area. Use the perspective of complex network to look at the development of public transportation in Taipei metropolitan area, and add the passenger volume for weighted analysis to establish a weighted complex network model that conforms to travel characteristics. It also discusses the relationship between public transport stations in Taipei metropolitan area and surrounding land use, and provides a reference for local governments to implement public transport development and improvement. The public transportation stations in Taipei metropolitan area are mostly concentrated in the center of Taipei City and the center of each administrative district of New Taipei City. In this study, through the establishment of the Space-L complex network model, the complex network model of the Bus, MRT and LRT in Taipei metropolitan area. It is found that the MRT is the most convenient public transportation means in Taipei metropolitan area, but the bus is still an important public transportation in Taipei metropolitan area, and the coverage is the most extensive. A multi-vehicle weighted Space-L complex network model is established based on the merging of stations with the same name and similar locations. Combined with the passenger volume and frequency of each vehicle, the analysis shows that the public transportation stations in Taipei metropolitan area are the most convenient and the top five stations with the largest passenger traffic are Taipei Main Station, Ximen Station, Gongguan Station, Banqiao Station and Nanjing Rd. ＆ Dunhua Rd. Intersection Station. Although the Taipei metropolitan area is mostly oversupplied stations, there are still stations with large demand for public transportation such as Tamsui Station, Hongshulin Station, Beitou Station, Shilin Station, Jiantan Station, Taipei Main Station, and City Hall Station. It is a transfer station and an important transportation hub station. In terms of land use, areas with high population, high housing prices, areas with many women, areas with a high proportion of people who use public transportation, areas with large residential areas, areas with large commercial areas, and areas with large areas of school land are all important to the public. Transportation has a positive impact, and local governments or public transportation authorities can improve the public transportation environment in such areas to increase people's willingness to use public transportation.