心理師面對案主移情愛的治療經驗與反移情研究

本研究旨在探討心理師面對移情愛案主的治療經驗以及反移情，探索心理師在治療歷程中對移情愛的覺察方式、個案概念化、反移情內涵與反移情管理，進一步探討有效的治療方法。研究者整理相關的研究文獻做為詮釋的前架構，並依照前架構擬定訪談提問對三位心理師進行深度訪談。本研究以高達美詮釋學為基礎，並以海德格的現象學理論為橋樑，整合Giorgi的現象學心理學（phenomenological psychology）研究法進行研究。訪談錄音謄稿後分別建構出三份心理師面對移情愛案主的治療經驗文本，並分析文本的意義單元、共同主題與內在結構。最後綜合詮釋三位心理師的治療經驗來回答研究問題。研究發現：一、移情愛是案主在「治療情境」的激發下，將缺乏的「好客體需求」轉移到心理師身上。二、移情愛的評估和與介入方式會影響移情愛的發展：支持和涵容移情愛的評估和有助於移情愛健康地發展；限制或移情愛發展的個案概念化讓移情愛更強烈與性慾化；中性的面對移情愛讓移情朝「完美客體」方向發展。三、適當的移情愛個案概念化讓心理師採取有效的方式降低負向反移情；持續採取專業的方式介入並產生療效。四、依據研究發現提出華人文化中的移情愛心理治療建議。

關鍵字

心理師；移情愛；反移情；心理治療；詮釋學

並列摘要

The purpose of this study is to explore therapist’s treatment experience and countertransference when clients show behaviors of “transference-love.” Therapists’ awareness of transference love in the course of treatment, the conceptualization of the case, the connotation of countertransference, and the management of countertransference were examined. Researcher collected relevant research literature as an interpretation of the pre-structure, in accordance with the previous framework, developed interview questions to conduct in-depth interviews with the three therapists. Based on Gadama's hermeneutics, the study was conducted with Heidegger's phenomenological theory set as a bridge to integrate Giorgi's “phenomenological psychology” into the research method. Firstly, interviews were transcribed for constructing the treatment experience texts for the case of transference love. Secondly, texts were analyzed as meaning units, common themes and internal structure. Finally, the three therapists’ comprehensive treatment experience was used to answer research questions. The finding shows as following. First, transference love, inspired by the “treatment situation,” is resulted from client transferring the lack of “good object needs” to their therapists. Second, the assessment and involvement of transference love affects the development of transference love. With support and empathy provided, the development of transference love will be encouraged, while with the conceptualization of and restriction on the development of transference love, the transference will become more intense and sexualized. Treating transference love with neutral attitude helps the development of "perfect object." Third, appropriate assessment of transference love allows therapists to take effective intervention to reduce negative countertransference, continue to conduct therapy with a professional approach and produce efficacy. Fourth, according to the research findings, research provides several suggestions for empathetic love psychotherapy in Chinese culture.

並列關鍵字

Psychotherapist ； Transference-love ； Counter transference ； Psychotherapy ； Hermeneutics

參考文獻

Ulberg, R., Amlo, S., Crithchfield, K. L., Marble, A., & Høglend, P. (2014). Transference Intervention and the process between therapist and patient. Psychotherapy, 51, 258-269. doi:10.1037/a0034708

一、中文部份