我國醫學圖書館文獻代檢索服務之研究

網路時代下，快速增長的資訊量對於民眾與圖書館都產生了許多影響，圖書館之資訊服務亦越來越受重視。早期醫學圖書館因資料庫費用昂貴、資料庫介面使用困難、檢索成本高等因素提供文獻代檢索服務，讀者使用率高，但在個人電腦廣為大眾使用以及檢索系統介面簡單化後，減低了代檢索服務的利用，且在圖書館人力以及經費預算的限制下，文獻代檢索服務已發生轉變。故本研究之研究目的為：(1)探討我國醫學圖書館文獻代檢索服務之意涵、現況、特徵與價值；(2)探討使用者之資訊需求與文獻代檢索服務使用經驗；(3)探討使用者之文獻代檢索服務期望與使用滿意度。本研究先以網站內容分析法以及電話普查了解我國35所較具代表性之醫學圖書館文獻代檢索服務現況，再針對5所醫學圖書館主管、相關館員與使用者進行深度訪談與問卷調查，獲得以下結論：(1)目前我國醫學圖書館仍有提供文獻代檢索服務，共有15所提供服務；(2)目前文獻代檢索服務共分為四種類型，其中以主題文獻檢索服務為多；(3)多數醫學圖書館文獻代檢索服務免費，另有醫學圖書館提議將館員列入共同作者以取代收費的新方式；(4)目前醫學圖書館提供文獻代檢索服務主要是滿足讀者需求，包括節省讀者時間或提供母機構決策資源等；(5)文獻代檢索服務主要使用者為醫師與護理人員，主管與館員認為服務成效不錯；(6)文獻代檢索服務具有2項內部價值以及5項外部價值；(7)提供文獻代檢索服務對圖書館角色帶來正面影響；(8)不同類型的醫學圖書館對於提供文獻代檢索服務認知具有差異；(9)受訪之健康科學專業人員資訊需求動機主要是在臨床醫療診治、教學與研究方面；(10)受訪者利用文獻代檢索服務的動機主要是無法取用資料庫的資源；使用目的為教學與研究；(11)需求、成本花費、喜歡自己檢索、服務處理時間太久以及難以聯絡館員皆是影響使用者利用文獻代檢索服務的因素；(12)受訪者最重視檢索結果的處理時間；(13)受訪者認為文獻代檢索服務能為他們帶來幫助；(14)受訪者對於文獻代檢索服務期望高且滿意度亦高；(15)受訪者滿意度高，但使用率卻低，推測原因為圖書館購買的資料庫資源充足以及讀者喜愛自行檢索。針對獲得之結論，本研究提出以下建議：(1)不同類型的醫學圖書館應先思考圖書館的角色與定位並了解讀者需求，進而決定提供之代檢索服務類型；(2)健康科學專業人員重視實證醫學，醫學圖書館應可積極提供相關服務；(3)醫學圖書館員在檢索前應先與使用者進行檢索晤談，才能掌握使用者的需求；(4)醫學圖書館能朝提供多元之知識加值服務發展。

關鍵字

醫學圖書館；文獻代檢索服務

並列摘要

In this era of the Internet, information technology is a rapidly growing field that is simultaneously changing our society. On the other hand, libraries play an important role in our educational and research process. The combination of the two, a digital library, can provide access to information to many networks around the world, which is a necessary component of any researchers’ experience. In the early days, due to the high cost of information retrieval and the not so user-friendly database interfaces, patrons relied on literature searching services. But in the last few decades, the personal computer has evolved and the interface for other informational retrieval systems has been greatly simplified, reducing the usage of literature searching services. Because of the constraints to libraries’ manpower and budget, literature searching services has changed. Therefore, the main objectives of this study are to: (1) explore the meaning, current status, characteristics and value of the literature searching service for medical libraries in Taiwan; (2) examine the informational needs of users; (3) review users’ experiences with literature searching services and analyze their expectations and satisfaction. This study first utilizes website content and a telephone census to explore literature searching services, polling 35 representative medical libraries in Taiwan. This study also conducts in-depth interviews and questionnaire surveys from five medical library supervisors, related librarians and users. The study obtains the following conclusions: (1) Currently, there are 15 medical libraries in Taiwan providing literature searching services; (2) there are four types of literature searching services, and most medical libraries provide subject searching of four types; (3) most medical libraries’ literature searching services are free, and there is even one medical library proposing to include librarians as co-authors to replace the fees; (4) at this time, medical libraries provide literature searching services mainly to meet the needs of readers, including saving patrons' time and providing decision-making resources and credible sources for institutions; (5) the main users of the literature searching services are physicians and nurses. Library directors think that the service is effective as well as librarians; (6) literature searching services have 2 internal values and 5 external values; (7) providing literature searching services has a positive impact on the roles of libraries; (8) different types of medical libraries provide different perceptions in how they present literature searching services; (9) the primary use of literature searching services by health professionals interviewed have mainly been in clinical / medical treatment, teaching and research; (10) the motivation of using literature searching services by users have been hard to access within databases, and they used for teaching and researching; (11) the demand, cost, preference over self-searching, long processing times, and the difficulty of reaching a librarian are all factors that affect the users’ experiences with literature searching services; (12) when using literature searching services, the respondents polled care most regarding the processing time of their search results; (13) the respondents also believe that literature searching services could help them; (14) respondents have high expectations and high satisfaction rates with their literature searching service experiences; (15) even though respondents have high satisfaction, their usage rates are low. This study speculates that the reason behind this is that the databases provided by the library are sufficient and patrons prefer to search for themselves. According to the above conclusions, this study proposes the following suggestions: (1) different types of medical libraries should consider its role and positioning first, then try to understand the needs of patrons, before deciding on the type of literature searching service it should provide; (2) health professionals emphasize on Evidence-Based Medicine, therefore medical libraries should be able to provide relevant services; (3) medical librarians should consistently be conducting information retrieval interviews with users before searching, in order to grasp the needs of users; (4) medical libraries can provide diverse knowledge value-added services.