組織採用資訊科技之彙整分析

Organizational Adoption of Information Technology: A Meta-Analysis

黃冠傑(Huang Kuan-Chieh)

指導教授 ： 梁定澎 ； 周彥君

國立政治大學/商學院/資訊管理學系/碩士(2018年)

https://doi.org/10.6814/THE.NCCU.MIS.004.2019.A05

摘要

本文針對過去30年來，眾多學者對於組織採用資訊科技因素之初級研究進行彙整分析，並透過TOE模式，將原因以科技、組織、環境，等三構面進行歸納。本研究目的是希望能將過去結果迥異的研究進行客觀且具科學性的整合，得到一個彙整性之結論。
本研究針對Web of Science資料庫中的31篇相關論文逐篇進行編碼，記錄每篇初級研究其自變量與依變量的相關係數，以及樣本數與各項資料，並透過彙整分析，將31篇論文的各項自變量與依變量關係進行整合與運算，進而為每種變數關係獲得一個整體的效果規模，以評估該變數之間的真實關聯程度。結果發現，影響力最大且最穩固的前五個因素依序為：預期效益、組織準備度、技術感知有用性、高層支持，以及IT基礎建設。總體來說，科技面與組織面的因素擁有較強的影響力，環境面的因素則較弱。不顯著的因素則包括：相對優勢、系統安全性、營運之地理範圍、廠商技術支援，以及政府支持。
本研究針對文獻總數超過10篇的自變量設置三個調節變量，分別為：地區、組織規模、時間，並透過這三個調節變量將每個自變量切割成數個子集合，並再次進行彙整分析。結果發現IT基礎建設在「非亞洲」地區為顯著，且效果規模明顯強於「亞洲地區」；中小企業比大企業更容易因為自身組織規模的擴張，而更有意願去採用一項資訊科技，這與Hameed et al. (2012).的研究結果高度相符。除此之外，大企業相較於其他規模的企業，更容易因為競爭壓力、高層支持，以及預期效益的因素，而去採用一項創新的資訊科技；小企業則是更容易因為「組織內部的技術知識」，而左右其是否採用一項創新的資訊科技。

關鍵字

彙整分析 ； TOE模式 ； 資訊科技 ； 組織採用

並列摘要

This research aims to do meta-analysis on the theses which were about finding the reasons for organizational IT adoption and were published during the last 30 years. TOE model is adopted in this thesis as research model due to the benefit from categorizing the reasons into 3 aspects: Technology, Organization and Environment. We hope to integrate the different results from the previous theses by a scientific methodology – Meta-Analysis and in order to get an overall result.
31 studies from the database Web of Science are encoded. The correlation coefficients between independent and dependent variables are collected, as well as sample sizes and other data. These data are synthesized into Effect Size, which is able to indicate the overall and real extent to which each factor has through meta-analysis. The result shows that the top five significant and robust factors are Perceived Benefits, Organizational Readiness, Perceived Usefulness, Top Management Support and Technological Knowledge. Overall, Factors in the aspect of Technology and the aspect of Organization have stronger correlations than those in the aspect of Environment. Insignificant factors include Relative Advantages, System Security, Global Scope, Support from Technology Vendors and Government Support.
Factors having at least 10 studies as samples are divided into several groups to analyze again by adding 3 moderators – Region, Organization Size and Time. The result shows that IT Infrastructure is significant in non-Asia area and has larger effect size than in Asia. SMEs are more willing to adopt a new information technology due to the increasing of its organization size than large firms, which is highly consistent with the findings from Hameed et al. (2012). Furthermore, large firms tend to adopt a new information technology due to Competitive Pressure, Top Management and Perceived Benefits while SMEs tend to do so due to the know-how in its organization.

並列關鍵字

Meta-analysis ； TOE model ； Information technology ； Organization adoption

參考文獻

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