以實生苗生產樹型聖誕紅之研究

The Study of Seedlings for Tree Poinsettia Production

葉育哲(Yu-Che Yeh)

指導教授 ： 王才義

國立中興大學/農業暨自然資源學院/園藝學系所/碩士(2003年)

https://doi.org/10.6845/NCHU.2003.00001

摘要

聖誕紅實生苗具有一般商業栽培品種所不具備的特點，包括節間長、莖直徑較粗、生長快、具主根且較強健等其他特性。本研究即針對這些特點，配合摘心處理、植物生長調節劑應用及嫁接的利用，探討聖誕紅實生苗作為樹型植株之最適生產方式。並以分級及控溫播種，希望能有效提高聖誕紅種子之萌芽率。聖誕紅播種時，種子大小加以分級，並避開夏季或以控溫28℃以下溫度播種，可提高聖誕紅種子萌芽率，建立整齊的聖誕紅實生苗群。除葉摘心能使聖誕紅實生植株側芽增加至6枝，在植株高度20-25公分時，開始以此摘心方式處理，生產高度45-50公分的盆景型聖誕樹，需至少進行3次的除葉摘心。實生植株培養樹型苗時以BA 0.1 % + GA3 0.05 %處理對整體樹型的改善不大。但以BA加GA3處理能促進頂部10節位的腋芽萌發，且腋芽能伸長至5.0 cm以上。在不易分枝性聖誕紅採穗生產上，具有促進側枝生長，增加插穗生產數目之用途。利用嫁接方式作樹型苗栽培，能減少去除基部芽及除葉的勞力。且嫁接應在6月前進行，以5 cm或10 cm接穗嫁接於實生苗30 cm處，如此可培養完美樹型聖誕紅。最適實生苗聖誕紅樹型生產的方法，為實生植株頂部嫁接易分枝性品種之方式。此方法不但能利用實生植株不易分枝的特性，減少樹型苗培養時的除芽工作，且使樹型苗具備所需的基本側枝數和樹冠外形。

關鍵字

嫁接 ； 摘心 ； 側芽 ； 盆花 ； 除葉 ； 頂芽優勢

並列摘要

Poinsettia seedlings have some advantages different than general commercial cultivars. This study took these advantages and cooperated with pinching technique, plant growth regulator or grafting to investigate the applicable production of tree poinsettia from seedling. Further more, we would like to improve the seed emergence percentage by using different seed size and sowing in temperature-controlled environment.The germination percentage increased and uniform seedlings established when sowing environment of sorted poinsettia seed was less than 28℃ or keep away from summer. It increases to 6 lateral shoots used leaf removal treatment and at least need 3 times pinching to produce tree poinsettias from 20-25 cm seedlings. BA 0.1 % + GA3 0.05 % has no improvement of poinsettia architecture, but the tops 10 axillaries will be sprouted and the growth of lateral shoots could be induced to 5.0 cm. That will be benefit for induce growth of laterals and increase cuttings of restricted branching poinsettia. The labor cost of basal shoots or leaf removal could be reduced if used seedling grafting for tree poinsettia production. Grafting the 5-10 cm scion on 30 cm of seedling could produce the perfect architecture of tree poinsettia. Grafting the self-branching cultivars on the seedling is the best method for tree poinsettia production. This method not only could reduce the labor cost of basal shoots removal but also have the fineness laterals and crown architecture for tree poinsettia.

並列關鍵字

graft ； pinching ； axillary bud ； pot flower ； leaf removal ； apical dominance

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