防火管理制度在高層建築物運作之研究

火災預防最理想境界就是不讓任何火災發生，其次是發生火災時可以於初期階段滅火成功。但由蒐集整理的世界各國高層建築物火災案例分析發現，高層建築物初期滅火失敗者不少，而消防隊投入搶救困難度高，搶救時間更明顯高出一般低層建築物，且造成人員傷亡及財物損失亦多屬慘重。因此高層建築物火災初期滅火可以成功、甚至是平時防火管理得當，皆對高層建築物之管理者、使用者而言極為重要。再深入分析發現目前國內高層建築在相關防災管理領域之研究較少，因此本研究針對防火管理制度在高層建築物運作予以研究，並將建築使用人、防火管理人、專業管理維護公司、保險等予以整合、分析，嘗試研究現行防火管理機制在高層建築物運作的缺失，進而研擬具體結論與建議措施，以落實平時防火管理與保養維護，減少火災發生。本研究主要是以文獻分析法、資料調查蒐集法、統計及比較分析法、評估診斷法等方法進行相關議題之研究。本研究案提出下列具體建議事項：一、積極推動高層建築物成立管理委員會，研提具體可行執行計畫，落實執行。二、強化高層建築物防災中心應變能力：研提防災中心服勤人員人資格、人數、講習內容、講習時數、複訓規定及違反該等規定者之處罰規定。三、強化舊有高層建築物防火避難應變能力：25層或90公尺以上之高層建築物應優先檢具防火避難綜合檢討報告書及評定書並強制成立管理委員會。四、正視防火管理全部委託辦理問題及因應對策：落實專業分工、釐清法令責任、研訂防火管理業務委託合約、全部委託之限制條件。五、研議「防火管理定期申報制度」及必要條件，並落實建築物避難驗證計畫。六、規劃高層建築物強制保險機制及降低保險費率機制。

關鍵字

高層建築物；防火管理；專業管理維護公司；保險

並列摘要

The ideal state of fire prevention is no fire accident occurrence. The next is to put off fire successfully at the initial stage when the fire accident occurs. According to the analysis of high-rise building fire cases worldwide, there are a lot of failures at the initial stage of extinguishing fire. The firefighters have difficulty in rescuing and the rescue time is obviously much more than those spent in low-layer buildings. Meanwhile, the loss of lives and properties are often huge. Therefore, it is very important for the managers and users of high-rise buildings to put off fire successfully at the initial stage of high-rise buildings and even to manage well with fire prevention. Analyzing deeply, we find that the relevant research about high-rise building management is fewer. Hence, this research focuses on the fire prevention management system of high-rise building and integrates and analyzes building user, fire prevention manager, professional management maintaining company and insurance. This is to try to study the disadvantage of current fire prevention management system in high-rise buildings and to provide substantial conclusions and suggestions. Furthermore, the fire prevention management and maintenance is carried out and the occurrence of fire accident can reduce. This research is based on document analysis, data collection, and statistic and comparison analysis and evaluation diagnosis to study the relevant subjects.The substantial conclusions and suggestions are as follows: 1. Promote the high-rise buildings to establish managing committees and come up with a specific plan to implement. 2. Strengthen the response ability at disaster center for the high-rise buildings: come up with a regulation for disaster center personnel, including qualification, number, training curriculum, training hours, continuous education and violation punishment. 3. Strengthen the fire response ability of high-rise buildings: for buildings that are over 25-floor or 90 Km shall primary turn in the fire safety and evacuation reviews and reports, also force these buildings to establish managing committees. 4. Pay attention to the problems caused by fire prevention authorized and the policy: to fulfill the professional job assignment, to clear up the liability, to make a fire safety management authorized contract, the conditions of completely authorized. 5. Discuss “the fire prevention management report periodically system” and its requirement. Also, to implement the disaster evacuation verified plan. 6. Plan for high-rise buildings liability insurance system and decrease the premier system.

並列關鍵字

High-rise building ； fire prevention management ； professional management maintaining company ； insurance

參考文獻

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Google Scholar

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