批判性設計:邁向超越功能性的產品

Critical Design: towards para-functional products

鄭玉屏(Yu-Ping Cheng)

指導教授 ： 王鴻祥

國立臺北科技大學/設計學院/創新設計研究所/碩士(2007年)

https://doi.org/10.6841/NTUT.2007.00010

摘要

批判性設計嘗試以設計作為一種媒介，來引起批評或辯論當今社會現況，同時挑戰消費文化中的現有價值觀。其核心概念之一是Anthony Dunne所提出的超越功能性，此概念源自於尚•布希亞的物體系理論，當社會和科技進步到一定程度，物品存在的意義隨之牽涉到更多主觀的非功能性等心理層面，而非客觀的功能性之技術層面。
本研究統整出超越功能性的六項因子：批判性、懷疑與驚奇、模糊的感覺、設計的邊緣、非常態的設計、真實的概念化，並舉辦一場設計展覽，陳列六件英國皇家藝術學院學生的作品和五件Anthony Dunne所舉例的代表作，對五十五位觀眾進行問卷調查，分析受測者測試人們對於超越功能性六項因子的反應。
結果發現在這些批判性設計作品中，歸納出「真實的概念化」(指劇本的創造)為超越功能性中用來表達其他因子的媒介，但並非所有因子皆可在作品中被對等感受，此取決於設計師對於概念的著重點以及各因子比重的取捨，同時觀眾本身的文化及專業背景也會影響其對超越功能性六因子的認知。超越功能性因子為引領人們了解批判性設計的重要元素。

關鍵字

批判性設計 ； 超越功能性

並列摘要

Critical design tries to apply design as a media to criticize or debate the social situation, and challenges existing idea of value. The core of the concept is para-functionality, stated by Anthony Dunne. It is originated from J. Baudrillard’s theory in Le systeme des objets; as technology and society get advanced, the value of objects gets involved more into subjective non-functionality, as psychological level, rather than objective functionality.
This study outlines six factors of para-functionality: criticism, wonder and surprise, glimpse, margins of design, pathological gadgets and conceptualizing reality. This study exhibits six designs from students’ works in Royal College of Art and five exemplars from Anthony Dunne’s book, and conducts questionnaires to fifty-five people to examine how they react to six para-functional factors.
The result shows “Conceptualizing reality” (creating a scenario) is the factor used to express the other five factors. Not all para-functional factors could be experienced partially in every design. It depends on how designers focus on their concepts, and it relates with context sensibility of subjects. Para-functional factors are key elements and approaches that help people understand critical design.

並列關鍵字

critical design ； para-functionality

參考文獻

[1] Dunne, A., Hertzian Tales: electronic products, aesthetic experience, and critical design, Cambridge: Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 2005

[3] Thackara, J., In The Bubble: Designing in a Complex World, Cambridge: Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 2005

[4] Lin C.M.(trans.), Jean Baudrillard- Le systeme des objets, Taiwan: Chinatimes, 1997 (In Chinese)

[5] Chi K.P., Jean Baudrillard, Taipei: Yang-Chih Book, Co., 2002

[6] Jordan, P.W., Designing Pleasurable Products, London and New York: Taylor & Francis, 2000