防火填塞材料應用於貫穿樓板管路之研究

The Research of Fireproof and Stuffing Materials Applied to Through-Floor Pipes

高士峰(Shih-Feng Kao)

指導教授 ： 張寬勇

國立臺北科技大學/工程學院/工程科技研究所/博士(2010年)

摘要

近年來台灣經濟與科技蓬勃發展，使得建築物型態與使用多樣化，地下建築物、大型購物中心、電力廠及科技廠房越來越多，於建築物或廠區內之各類型管路貫穿樓板，常造成防火區劃任意破壞或室內裝修變更不當，易造成火勢擴散竄燒，另外部分電力廠及科技廠房等管路輸送高溫流體穿越樓板或牆壁，當使用防火填塞材料填塞，為避免因高溫流體之熱能傳導至混凝土造成影響，由於國內並未有相關熱能之傳導規範，將嚴重忽略熱能所造成之危害。
本研究將防火填塞材料應用於貫穿樓板管路或牆壁為對象之試驗，使用四種防火填塞材料及鉛板，首先測試防火填塞材料依American Society for Testing and Materials (ASTM) E84規定實施基材表面燃燒十分鐘試驗，將其燃燒後之防火填塞材料以掃瞄式電子顯微鏡(Scanning Electron Microscopy, SEM)，觀察其表面形態顯微組織變化，再建立A、B、C、D、E及F等六種組合工法，工法A、B及C組合工法以ASTM E814標準溫度－時間(T-t)升溫曲線加熱三小時，觀察非曝火面溫度；再將試體施以噴水試驗，以工法D、E、及F工法，置於燃燒測試爐加熱，模擬管路輸送300℃高溫流體，探討管路熱能傳導之分布情形。
研究顯示防火填塞材料個別基材均符合ASTM E84 Class A等級，並且工法A、B及C組合工法符合ASTM E814具有防火時效及阻熱性；另外工法D、E、及F組合工法之熱傳導至建築物樓板混凝土之最高溫度與環境溫度25℃相差分別為5.3℃、3.5℃及3.7℃，實驗成果將有益於國內法規修法或制定之參考。

關鍵字

防火填塞材料 ； 組合工法 ； 防火區劃 ； 防火時效

並列摘要

In recent years of rapid developments of the economy and technology in Taiwan, the use and forms of buildings have become diversified, with more underground buildings, large shopping centers, electrical power plants, and technological plants. Various pipelines run under the floors of such buildings and plants, which could cause damages in fire zones or improper alterations of indoor decorations, which readily lead a fire to spread. Moreover, the pipelines in some electric power and technological plants convey high temperature fluids to the floors or walls. In such cases, firestop materials are required in order to avoid the conduction of heat energy from high temperature fluids transferring to the concrete; moreover, as there are no conduction regulations regarding heat energy in Taiwan, damages caused by heat energy may be overlooked.
This study applied four types of firestop materials and lead plates to pipelines running through floors or walls. A 10-minute combustion test was conducted on the substrates of the firestop materials, in accordance with ASTM E84. Scanning electron microscopy (SEM) was employed to observe changes in the surface microstructure of the combusted firestop materials in order to establish six kinds of combination methods, namely, A, B, C, D, E, and F. Combination methods A, B, and C were applied to heat the firestop materials for three hours, conducted in accordance with the standard T-t heating curve, as defined in ASTM E814, in order to observe the temperature of surfaces not exposed to the fire. Following this, the materials underwent a water spray test, with combination process methods D, E, and F. Finally, the materials were heated in a combustion test furnace, and a pipeline transfer at 300℃ high temperature fluid was simulated. Then distribution of the heat energy transferred was examined.
The results showed that each substrate of firestop materials complied with ASTM E84 Class A standards. Combination methods A, B, and C reached the fire rating and heat resistance as defined in ASTM E814. The difference between the highest temperature and the ambient temperature (25℃) of heat energy transferred to the concrete floors of the buildings was respectively 5.3℃, 3.5℃, and 3.7℃, under the combination methods D, E, and F. Experimental results can serve as reference for the formulation or modification to domestic firestop material regulations.

並列關鍵字

Firestop Material ； Combination Method ； Fire Zone ； Fire Rating

參考文獻

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