- 學位論文
大型中央空調冷卻水系統控制之模擬與分析
Simulation and Analysis of Large-Scale HVAC Cooling Water System
摘要
台灣目前使用大型中央空調系統普遍集中在電子代工產業，如:面板廠、晶圓廠...等。隨著科技日新月異，在製程需求上越來越先進、無塵室等級越來越高，導致廠房為了因應需求而越蓋越大，相對的耗能量也就提高的許多。對於電子廠房來說，大型中央空調系統與製程設備耗能量最高的，對於晶圓廠來說，空調系統耗能量甚至佔了整個廠房耗能量的一半以上，所以如何有效的利用控制模式使空調系統達到節能的效果是值得被探討的。 。 本篇文章採用面板廠的實際設計案例與使用TRNSYS模擬比較的方式來找到最佳的控制模式，有效的達到中央空調系統的節能。本研究主要針對空調系統冷卻水側的部份，其中包含了冰水主機、冷卻水塔及冷卻水泵。 透過實際設計案例與模擬結果的比較可以發現，利用空氣的濕球溫度有效的控制冷卻水溫，在高負載的情況下，水塔為了增加散熱能力而加速運轉，冷卻水泵則搭配冷卻水塔輸送大量的冷卻水，雖然會使得耗電量會隨著冷卻水塔出水溫度降低而漸漸增加。但是隨著冷卻水溫度受濕球溫度控制而降低水溫進入冰水主機，使得冰機的效率變佳，耗電量也隨之降低。以本模擬綜合整體耗電量計算，以濕球溫度控制冷卻水溫對於整體耗電量是有實質的功效，而電子廠房(面板、晶圓、太陽能..等)因為屬於長年24小時不停運轉，若是能夠利用一些控制模式將不必要的耗能節省下來，也算是變相的獲利因素。
並列摘要
Large central air conditioning systems in Taiwan usually are operated in electronics manufacturing industry, such as: FPD, Semiconductor Fab ... etc. In rapid technological growth age, the product manufacturing process requires more critical and more advanced technology and cleanroom cleanliness need more higher class type consequently Fab build to larger scale and made energy consumption was indeed expend more. In those factories type , large central air conditioning systems and process equipment of the two most higher energy consumed, further Fab’s air-conditioning system energy occupy more than half of the entire plant energy. How to through control mode studying to find more efficiency of air conditioning systems and then achieve energy-saving effect is the subject worth our to research. The practical design of this article adopts the FPD factory case and using TRNSYS simulation and comparison of methods to find the optimal control mode. The purpose to gain an effectively to achieve energy-saving of central air conditioning systems. This study will focused on cooling water side of air conditioning system, which contains chiller, cooling towers, and cooling water pumps. Through a cases study and comparison of simulation results we found that via air wet bulb temperature control can active cooling water temperature more efficiency. Under heavy load situations, cooling towers will need increase own cooling capacity then speed up fan rpm, and cooling water pump will pumping large amount of cooling water to meet its needs. Although it will make more electricity consumption, but since cooling water temperature control by wet-bulb temperature further can cut down the water temperature entrance of Chiller. Chiller’s efficiency get better, in the other hand means electricity consumption can be get saving. According to our research pass through overall system electricity consumption simulation, it a great saving energy come from by control of wet-bulb temperature then cooling water temperature under control. Generally, nature of the electronic factory industry (FPD, wafer, solar ... And so on), their utilities need 24-hour continuous running nonstop for year. If we take advantage of control mode to avoid unnecessary energy consumption, the operation cost come down then earn profit must get up. It’s a win win result.