- 學位論文
中央通風井設計對大樓自然通風及熱舒適性影響之研究
Studying the Influence of the Central Ventilation Shaft Design on Airing Performance and Thermal Comfort in Buildings
摘要
自然通風是一種能有效同時改善室內空氣品質及降低建築能耗的方法，但自然通風常因室外氣候不穩定， 引致風壓或熱壓差過小造成室內通風不佳之情形。浮力通風為一種強化自然通風熱壓差及通風量的手法，可改善自然通風不穩定及難以調控的缺點，而中央通風井便是結合風力通風及浮力通風的特色設計。本論文針對位於桃園地區榮獲鑽石級綠建築標章並具有中央通風井之觀音鄉行政區辦公大樓案例，進行各項解析。本研究數值模擬上成功建立三維、穩態、不可壓縮之紊流理論模型為基礎的模擬，以預測流場結構，並使用Fluent太陽輻射模型，透過模擬結果來探究氣候環境對中央通風井的效能影響，另外再搭配實地量測，以驗證風場數值預測準確性，並探討去除中央通風井和面積縮小一半等情況下，結果依照ACH及ASHRAE Standard 55自適應型熱舒適規範呈現室內辦公空間的換氣率、熱舒適性影響，而CFD的模擬方法可以做為一個有效的分析工具，幫助建築師在決策過程中提高建築之自然通風設計。
並列摘要
Natural ventilation is an issue that will increasingly require policy consideration. It is also an effective method to simultaneously improve indoor air quality and reduce energy consumption in buildings. However, natural ventilation will be affected by outdoor climatic conditions, such as smaller pressure differences due to heat or wind and can cause design instability. Central ventilation shaft (CVS) is a technique like buoyancy ventilation of enhanced thermal pressure differences ventilation and ventilation rate, it can improve the natural ventilation characteristic which is difficult to control and disadvantages of unstable. The present research considered the wind crossing over the new administrative building with a built-in CVS of the Guanyin Township, Taiwan. The aeration flow behavior is predicted and compared with the measured air velocity and temperature data at 16 monitoring positions over three different floors inside the main building to validate the computer software as well as attain a better understanding of the natural ventilation mechanism associated with the interaction of the wind with the building. CFD simulations are also extended to examine the design impacts of removing the CVS and reducing the cross-sectional area to a half-sized CVS on the building aeration performance in terms of the air exchange rate per hour (ACH) and the adaptive comfort standard (ACS) and predicted mean vote (PMV) results. This CFD simulation procedure can serve as a useful analysis tool to facilitate architects for improving the natural ventilation design of buildings during their decision-making process.