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  • 學位論文

添加氧化鋅之聚氨基甲酸酯經過壓吸後積層織物功能性之探討

A Study on the Functional Properties of Laminated Fabrics through Polyurethane/ Zinc Oxide Pad Process

指導教授 : 鄧道興
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摘要


近年來由於臭氧層逐漸稀薄,紫外光造成的危害也越來越大,搭配上日常應用相當廣泛的聚氨基甲酸酯,本研究藉由聚氨基甲酸酯之合成搭配抗紫外線性能良好之氧化鋅粉體以及常見的聚酯、尼龍織物,欲製備出抗紫外線之複合材料。本研究是以預聚法(Prepolymer synthesis)合成聚氨基甲酸酯(Polyurethane,PU)。聚氨基甲酸酯共聚合體的硬鏈節由1,4-丁二醇(1,4-butane diol,1,4-BD)及4, 4’二苯甲烷二異氰酸鹽(4, 4’-diphenylmethane diisocyanate,MDI)所組成,軟鏈節由聚丁醚二醇(polytetramethylene glycol,PTMG)組成。合成聚氨基甲酸酯之過程中,將次微米無機氧化鋅粉體(ZnO)加入至二甲基乙醯胺(N,N-dimethyl acetamide,DMAc)混和後,再與聚氨基甲酸酯混合均勻後塗布,烘乾處理後製成氧化鋅/聚氨基甲酸酯複合薄膜。將氧化鋅/聚氨基甲酸酯複合薄膜測量差示掃描量熱法(DSC),分析氧化鋅粉體的添加是否會對熱性質如玻璃轉移溫度(Tg)、熔點(Tm)等產生影響;並藉由掃描式電子顯微鏡(SEM)觀察粉體在聚氨基甲酸酯中的分散狀況;由萬能拉伸試驗機的結果來判斷氧化鋅粉體的多寡對整體材料之機械性質如最大拉伸強度、斷裂延伸率等是否會造成影響;以及紫外光/可見光分析光譜儀(UV-visible)來觀察,添加不同比例之氧化鋅的聚氨基甲酸酯之紫外線穿透率。將聚酯織物(PET),尼龍織物(PA6),分別經固定條件之電漿處理不同秒數之後,再將處理後之織物與氧化鋅/聚氨基甲酸酯複合樹脂進行含浸壓吸後烘乾。經由接觸角測試(Contact angle)實驗結果證實,電漿處理有助於改善兩種織物之親水性質,再進行紅外線光譜分析儀(FT-IR)測試以驗證其並不會因電漿處理而產生額外之官能機團。將氧化鋅/聚氨基甲酸酯/織物複合材料進行紫外光/可見光分析光譜儀(UV-visible)測試,觀察其紫外線穿透率是否有所影響。未來預計可應用於晴/雨兩用傘、遮陽帽、遮陽帆布,衣物等等需要遮蔽紫外光之織物上。

並列摘要


This study is synthesized Polyurethane by prepolymer synthesis. Hard segment is made by 1,4-butane diols and 4, 4’-diphenylmethane diisocyanate, and soft segment is made by polytetramethylene glycol. Furthermore, added the ZnO powders to N,N-dimethyl acetamide, then mixed with PU during synthesis process. Finally, through the drying treatment in 60℃, and fabricate PU/ZnO composite materials.PET and PA 6 fabrics were treated by plasma in different seconds, and pick up with ZnO/PU and drying treatment to fabricate the composite materials. From the experimental results, The contact angle would be improved to 0° that proved the hydrophilic properties could be modified. The useful function group would be checked by FT-IR spectrum that proved the functional group has not existed significantly. Otherwise, the UV-vis properties of the composites were also tested to investigate UV penetration coefficient and also found improvement close to 0%. It could used at umbrellas、hat and kind of Shade cloth.

參考文獻


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