空氣清淨機濾網及元件去除室內空氣污染物之去除效能評估

The Removal Efficiency of Indoor Air Pollution by Various Filters and Functions of Air Cleaners

許澤恩(Tze-En Hsu)

指導教授 ： 曾昭衡

國立臺北科技大學/工程學院/環境規劃與管理研究所/碩士(2006年)

https://doi.org/10.6841/NTUT.2006.00019

摘要

本研究之目的利用空氣品質測試箱評估市售六種空氣清淨機對於懸浮微粒(PM10)、揮發性有機物(TVOC)、甲醛(HCHO)的去除效能，設計三部份進行測試，第一部份為利用六台空氣清淨機進行室內污染物之整機去除效能評估測試，第二部份為空氣清淨機裝置不同濾網及元件進行HCHO之去除效能評估測試。第三部份為空氣清淨機之臭氧排放檢測。每部份測試分成三種去除作用進行： (1) 污染物之自然衰退測試，(2) 清淨機未開機之機體吸附測試，(3) 清淨機開機去除污染物測試。藉由污染物濃度變化來評估空氣清淨機實際去除效率，並計算空氣清淨機之有效處理風量CADR (Clean Air Deliver Rate，CADR)。
整機效能試驗結果顯示，CADR可用於評估空氣清淨機去除氣狀污染物之效能，並可比較各種去除機制之差異。當本研究所測試之空氣清淨機加裝 HEPA濾網使CADRPM值提昇約10 ft3/min，而若具有電暈放電功能可使CADRPM值提昇約20 ft3/min。空氣清淨機利用電暈放電激發光觸媒濾網相較於UV燈去除氣狀污染物的機制效果較不佳。
濾網及元件效能試驗結果顯示，單一濾網以活性碳濾網去除HCHO效能最好CADRHCHO 4.56 ~ 5.00 ft3/min、實際去除率61.8 ~ 65.7%，但有吸附飽和再釋放問題。單一元件(負離子及光觸媒燈管等)去除效能皆較單一濾網低但可提升空氣清淨機去除HCHO效能，效能為CADRHCHO 0.48 ~ 0.740 ft3/min、實際去除率11.9 ~ 29.6%並無吸附飽和問題。單一濾網加裝活性碳濾網可加強HCHO去除效能CADRHCHO提昇至1.30 ~ 2.64 ft3/min、實際去除率提昇至1.8 ~ 24.2%。多功能濾網及元件搭配測試之CADR值會低於將各濾網及元件單一測試之CADR相加後總和。空氣清淨機具有負離子產生裝置或臭氧產生裝置時，臭氧排放量可能超過標準（0.05 ppm）。
空氣清淨機及各特殊濾網在低甲醛濃度時去除效能皆不佳，要將甲醛濃度降至中華民國室內空氣品質建議值（0.1 ppm）以下仍有困難，需在研發更有效能之去除方法分解甲醛，降低甲醛對人體造成的危害。

關鍵字

空氣清淨機 ； 甲醛 ； 室內空氣品質 ； 濾網 ； 有效處理風量

並列摘要

This study is to investigate of removal mechanisms and to evaluate of the removal efficiencies of PM10、TVOC and Formaldehyde (HCHO), via six air cleaners in air quality testing chamber.
First, six air cleaners are tested to remove indoor pollutants. Secondly,select one from 6 cleaners to test the HCHO removal with various filters/functions. Thirdly, the ozone emission of six air cleaners is being tested. Fourth, we improve the design of air cleaner to testing. The pollutants of removal efficiencies were studied by three experiments: (1) the natural decay of pollutants, (2) with cleaner turn-off, and (3) with cleaner turn-on. The clean air deliver rate (CADR, ft3/min) of air cleaner experiment was measured.
The results indicated that CADR was calculated for PM10 as well as TVOC and HCHO by using AHAM AC-1 standard method to evaluate the removal of indoor particulate matter and gaseous pollutants. The results also indicated that CADRPM value was increased by about 10 and 20 ft3/min by installing a HEPA filter and corona discharge in air cleaner. Air cleaner with TiO2 filter activated by corona discharge has lower removal efficiency than with TiO2 filter activated by sleeved UV tube.
Single activated-carbon filter has better efficiency（CADRHCHO 4.56 ~ 5.00 ft3/min、61.8 ~ 65.7%） but the filter’s adsorbability is saturated and creates the re-emit problem. Single function（Ion and TiO2 tube..etc）has lower efficiency（CADRHCHO 4.56 ~ 5.00 ft3/min、61.8 ~ 65.7%）than single filter. Removal efficiency can be increased by 1.30 ~ 2.4 ft3/min of CADRHCHO and 1.8 ~ 24.2% of actural removal EFF.if the special filter connects with activated-carbon filter. The CADR value of filter together with function is lower than the single filter and function combined.
The ozone emission maybe exceed the standard（0.05 ppm） when air cleaner has ion generation or ozone generation. Results suggested that air cleaners and various filters were inadequate to remove formaldehyde to meet IAQG（0.1 ppm） Taiwan. The improvement of source reduction and removal machanisms improvement should be conducted to eliminate indoor formaldehyde concentration.

並列關鍵字

Air cleaner ； Formaldehyde (HCHO) ； Indoor Air Quality (IAQ) ； Filter ； clean air deliver rate (CADR)

參考文獻

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