開關式磁阻馬達無轉軸位置感測器控制於風扇驅動之應用

Shaft Sensorless Control of Switched Reluctance Motor and Its Application in Driving Fans

黃信中(Xin-Chung Huang)

指導教授 ： 楊勝明

國立臺北科技大學/電資學院/電機工程系研究所/碩士(2012年)

https://doi.org/10.6841/NTUT.2012.00057

摘要

開關式磁阻馬達主要以磁阻力運轉，其轉子與定子皆由矽鋼片組成，定子槽為集中繞組，且轉矩產生不需要永久磁鐵，有易於製造、成本低以及堅固的優點，因此特別適合於高速應用。為了獲得良好的性能，線圈電流換相需與轉子位置同步，因此通常使用霍爾感測器、編碼器或解角器來取得轉子位置資訊。然而，若馬達操作於極端環境，像是高壓、高溫、潮濕或極高速情況下運轉，導致轉軸位置感測器有可靠度之問題存在，因此在這些應用場合須使用無轉軸位置感測器控制。本文以8/6極開關式磁阻馬達為對象，開發一種利用相電流之峰值特性以偵測轉軸位置的方法，並將此方法應用於中、高轉速之風扇負載。除了理論分析之外，本文亦以實驗驗證此方法的可行性。

關鍵字

開關式磁阻馬達 ； 無轉軸位置感測器 ； 峰值相電流

並列摘要

Switched reluctance motors (SRM) are running with reluctance force, the rotor and the stator are made of silicon steel. They have concentrated windings in stator slots, and do not require generating reluctance torque by a permanent magnet. There are advantages of ease for manufacturing, low cost and rugged. Therefore, they are particularly suitable for high-speed applications. In order to obtain good performance, the phase currents need to commutate with the rotor position. So we should install hall sensor, encoder or resolver to obtain rotor position information. However, if the motors are running in extreme environment such as high pressure, high temperature, wet or very high-speed operation, resulting in reliability problems of shaft position sensors. Therefore, in these applications should be no shaft position sensors to control the motors. We explored 8/6 poles SRM for the object and used a characteristics of peak phase currents method to detect the shaft position in high speed with the fan load. In addition to theoretical analysis, this paper also verifies the feasibility of this method by experiments.

並列關鍵字

Switched reluctance motor ； Shaft sensorless ； Peak phase current

參考文獻

[1] T. J. E. Miller, Electronic control of switched reluctance machines. Oxford, U.K. : Newnes, 2001.

[2] T. J. E. Miller and J. T. Bass, “Robust torque control of switched reluctance motors without a shaft position sensor,” IEEE Transactions on Industry Electronics, vol. IE-33, no. 3, August 1986, pp. 212-216.

[3] G. Gallegos-Lopez, P. C. Kjaer, and T. J. E. Miller, “A new sensorless method for switched reluctance motor drives,” IEEE Transactions on Industry Applications vol. 34, no. 4, July/August 1998, pp. 832–840.

[4] C. J. Bateman, B. C. Mecrow, A. C. Clothier, P. P. Acarnley, and N. D. Tuftnell, ”Sensorless operation of an ultra-high-speed switched reluctance machine,” IEEE Transactions on Industry Applications, vol. 46, no. 6, November/December 2010, pp. 2329-2337.

[5] G. Gallegos-L´opez, P. C. Kjaer and T. J. E. Miller, “High-grade position estimation for SRM drives using flux linkage/current correction model,” IEEE Transactions on Industry Applications, vol. 35, no. 4, July/August 1999, pp.859-869.