浴廁內部擺設及通風量對臭味排除之影響

Influences of Internal Arrangements and Ventilation Rates of Bathrooms on Odor Removal

蔡東益(Tung-Yi Tsai)

指導教授 ： 胡石政

國立臺北科技大學/機電學院/能源與冷凍空調工程系碩士班/碩士(2008年)

https://doi.org/10.6841/NTUT.2008.00042

摘要

一般公寓住宅之浴廁採用天花板機械排氣，門百葉或窗戶自然進氣等通風系統。馬桶臭味則隨著天花板的排氣作用，由低處蔓延到整個浴廁。然而，新式浴廁通風系統則採用天花板機械排氣，牆壁低處排氣系統，能有效排除臭味。本研究架構一個實驗用的浴廁模型。以六氟化硫（SF6）模擬坐在馬桶上的使用者所散發出來的臭味。浴廁內負壓通風系統，有別於傳統之天花板排氣設計，改採用新式之牆壁低處排氣。本實驗進行下列分析：（1）評估浴廁內換氣率6.5ACH、8.5ACH、17ACH和24ACH下，臭味的濃度分佈；（2）浴缸、洗臉台和馬桶等內部擺設對臭味排除之影響；（3）排風口加裝置物風罩，對臭味排除之影響。本研究以局部氣品質指標、臭味排除效率（ORE）和局部平均空氣齡，來量化分析浴廁內臭味排除效率。根據實驗結果得知，（1）不同換氣率下之臭味排除效率，由大到小依序排列為24ACH (ORE＝1.11±0.08)、17ACH (ORE＝1.07±0.08)、8.5ACH (ORE＝1.03±0.08)和6.5ACH (ORE＝0.94±0.09)；（2）不同浴廁配置下之臭味排除效率，由大到小依序排列為馬桶距離排風口0.80m (ORE＝1.11±0.07)、1.10m (ORE＝1.05±0.09)和2.05m (ORE＝1.03±0.08)；（3）排風口未加裝風罩(ORE＝1.03±0.08)和加裝風罩(ORE＝1.03±0.09)，其臭味排除效率之相差不到1％。

關鍵字

浴廁 ； 通風 ； 臭味 ； 實驗

並列摘要

The ventilation system of bathrooms used in an apartment is of a ceiling mechanical exhaust and a door louver or opened window inlet; the unwanted odors from a toilet, therefore, are spread to the whole bathroom by the airflow exhausted to the ceiling. But, the one used in a luxury house is of a ceiling mechanical supply and a lower wall exhaust; hence, the odors are effectively extracted out of the bathroom. This research set up a mock-up bathroom and employed the tracer gas SF6 to simulate the odors from the toilet. The present study used the ventilation system of the lower wall mechanical exhaust, instead of the conventional ceiling mechanical exhaust. The following experiments were performed: 1. examining the odor concentration distribution at ventilation rates 6.5, 8.5, 17, and 24 ACH, 2. analyzing the influence of arrangements of bathtub, sink, and toilet on the odor removal, and 3. investigating the effect of a hood covering the exhaust vent on the odor removal. This research, moreover, employed local air quality, odor removal efficiency (ORE), and local mean age of air to quantitatively analyze the odor removal efficiency. Results show that 1. in the case of ventilation rate, the odor removal efficiency from higher to lower levels in the order was 24ACH (ORE＝1.11±0.08), 17ACH (ORE＝1.07±0.08), 8.5ACH (ORE＝1.03±0.08), and 6.5ACH (ORE＝0.94±0.09); 2. in the case of the distance between the toilet and the exhaust vent, the one was Case 0.80m (ORE＝1.11±0.07), Case 1.10m (ORE＝1.05±0.09), and Case 2.05m (ORE＝1.03±0.08); and 3. the difference of the odor removal efficiency was not more than 1% between the cases of the exhaust vent with the hood (ORE＝1.03±0.09) and that without the hood (ORE＝1.03±0.08).

並列關鍵字

Bathroom ； Ventilation ； Odor ； Experiment

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