此研究首先先製備有機黏土,並將其黏土與金屬氧化物以不同比例添加於EPDM中,探討黏土對於阻燃型EPDM之熱物性影響。 利用C18~NH3與Na-MMT進行陽離子交換成有機黏土。且從X-ray繞射圖可知,改質前Na-MMT的2θ角為7.02o,而改質後有機黏土的2θ角為3o,由此可證,改質劑已成功的和黏土層的Na+進行交換。 將有機黏土加入EPDM中,成為EPDM/黏土奈米複合材料,並經由XRD、TEM檢測顯示,可知黏土呈現脫層型態於EPDM中,熱重損失測試也顯示,添加奈米黏土於EPDM及阻燃級的EPDM的熱性質隨著奈米黏土添加量增加而有所提升。將所得EPDM/黏土奈米複合材料摻合金屬氫氧化物製成阻燃級的複合材料,經由Cone Calorimeter檢測燃燒性質,實驗結果顯示,添加奈米黏土可使尖峰釋放率和遮煙係數明顯降低。以上結果均顯示,添加奈米黏土不僅可提升熱安定性,對於阻燃性也有所提升,原因是有機黏土具有火焰阻絕性,在燃燒過程中會形成焦炭區降低發熱量,能有效的阻隔氧氣及熱傳遞之功效。
The main objective of this study was to investigate the effect of organoclay addition on thermal and fire properties of flame retarded ethylene-propylene-diene terpolymer (EPDM). EPDM/clay hybrids have been prepared by mixing EPDM and organoclay via a vulcanization process using tetramethyl- thiuram monosulfide as a vulcanization accelerator. The exfoliated structures of clay in the hybrid were support by XRD and TEM data. EPDM and EPDM-clay hybrid have been mixed separately with aluminum hydroxide to prepare flame-retarded EPDM. Data from TGA and Cone calorimeter experiments showed that the presence of organoclay in the flame-retarded EPDM not only improve its thermal stability but also reduce its maximum heat release rate and extinction coefficient .