ABS添加二次料之機械性質研究

The Study of Mechanical Properties for ABS Regrind Materials

林敏龍(Min-Long Lin)

指導教授 ： 韓麗龍

國立臺北科技大學/機電學院/製造科技研究所/碩士(2010年)

摘要

當今環保意識抬頭，塑膠的回收也逐漸受到重視。塑膠零件使用回收的次料(regrind material)便成為必須考量的因素，其中又以添加次料的比例對機械性質影響最為顯著。本實驗針對ABS添加不同次料比例(0%, 25%, 50%, 100%)，混鍊(kneading)後的塑膠料作測試分析。拉伸試片的規範為ASTM D638，澆口設計有單點進膠(single gate)與雙點進膠(double gate)，試片厚度為1 mm, 2 mm, 3 mm三種，衝擊試驗採用 ASTM D256規範，熔融指數實驗則為ASTM D1238規範。
拉伸實驗結果顯示，抗拉強度隨著添加次料的比例增加而降低。當次料由0%增加到100%，厚度1 mm, 2 mm, 3 mm, 單點進膠之抗拉強度下降13%, 10.11%, 與4.92%；而雙點進膠之抗拉強度下降19.26%, 13.82%, 與6.50%。衝擊試驗結果顯示，單點進膠衝擊強度衰退25.27%，雙點進膠則衰退32.40％。次料比例增加造成機械性質下降的原因，因為高分子材料在射出成形時，螺桿(screw)剪斷高分子材料的分子鏈(molecular chain)。分子鏈長度就會越短，射出成形後分子鏈之間的鏈結強度(bonding strength)愈弱。

關鍵字

次料 ； 混鍊 ； 分子鏈 ； 鏈結強度

並列摘要

The concerns of environment will be taken notice today. The reclaim of plastic is also paid attention gradually. Regrind material added to the virgin plastic material is considerable for the plastic parts. The greatest effects on the mechanical properties are the proportion of the regrind material. In this study, regrind material is added to ABS and kneaded for the test material. The specification of tensile test is ASTM D638, impact test is ASTM D256, melt flow index test is ASTM D1238. The tensile test specimen was prepared by single and double gate with three types of thickness 1, 2, and 3 mm, respectively.
Tensile test results show that the more the proportion of regrind material added, the lower the tensile strength obtain. When the regrind material was added from 0% to 100%, the tensile strength of 1, 2, and 3 mm thickness (single gate) decrease to 13%, 10.11%, and 4.92%; for double gate specimen, tensile strength decrease to 19.26%, 13.82%, and 6.50%, respectively. Impact test results also show the impact strength is 25.27% of decline (single gate); for double gate of impact specimen, the strength is 32.40% of decline. When the regrind material added to the virgin plastic, mechanical strength reduction is due to its molecular chains in the screw were cut short during molding process. The shorter of the molecular length, the weaker bonding strength is between the molecular chains.

並列關鍵字

regrind materials ； kneading ； molecular chain ； bonding strength

參考文獻

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