- 學位論文
地理資訊系統於海洋油污染岸際防治應用之研究-以台南縣海岸地區為例
The GIS Application for Marine oil Pollution Preventing and Controlling－A Case study for Tainan County
摘要
本文針對文獻回顧探討研析，目前台灣海域重大污染事件發生頻率雖不高，但無論港務局、海巡署所統計資料，顯示台灣週遭任何海域皆具有一定之船難事故風險，且本案例之岸際由於生態孕育豐富，具有高度敏感與脆弱性，因此，本文針對油品軌跡模擬預估其未來走向，其軌跡預估模擬係以理論基礎與經驗公式合併考量，探討其對岸際影響之相關資訊。爾後依「Google Earth」衛星圖進行土地使用探討，以及營建署相關圖層以GIS軟體進行研究探討，也依「都市防救災計畫」所規劃之防災道路指定情形，而海域、陸域之防治設備使用探討與規畫，係依美國NOAA所制定準則進行相關規劃，後續將以案例之境況模擬情形，探討國內外重大海洋污染事件所面臨之問題對應於該案例，其所面臨問題與解決方針詳以探討，綜合以上，可使得該岸際之未來相關緊急應變計畫有其依據。 研究結果發現，本文所假定之船難事故地點，於不同季節之海氣象所引致油品污染走向，其冬季之海氣象易致使油品污染該岸際，加以海岸地區生態分布於岸際為多，因此，岸際相關緊急防護措施甚為重要，而本案例依現階段之資源而言，倘若發生第三級以上之污染事件時，其應變能力令人擔憂，有鑑於此，本文將規劃與探討相關防治項目，對後續油污染緊急應變計畫有其參考依據。
並列摘要
This thesis studies and analyzes related references and literatures. Although there are not many major pollution events in Taiwan coast recently, the statistic data from Harbor Bureau and Coast Guard Administration showed that there still are shipreck risks in ocean near Taiwan. The ecology system of the research area is rich and highly sensitive and fragile. Besides, the study focuses on simulations of oil spill tracks to predict their following directions and spreading. The tracking prediction simulation based on theories, experienced formulas and the related data to the coasts. This research also uses「Google Earth」satellite graphes to discuss land-use Planning. The GIS graphes from Constructuon and Planning Agency of the Ministry of the Interior and the planned rescue reads from “Urban Disaster Prevention Plan ” wese also used to formulate the basis of this research. The followed planning of oil pollution preventive equipments for coast areas were based on the USA NOAA regulations. And then case simulations were used to identify related problems and then discuss solutions for their major domestic marine pollution events. In summary, the research could make the emergency plan of coast pollution prevention be evidence-based in the future. The results of this research are as the following: a same assumed location of shiprecks in different seasons leads to varied pollution directions and spreadings. In winter, the ocean meteorology would easily make oil-spill polluts the coast seriously. Since the eco-system is so rich and fragile that prevention measures become very important. If the third level pollution events and above occur, the current resources will not be sufficient to meet the needs. The deployment of supporting facilities and resources for coast pollution emergency management are therefore imperative. This study investigates and discusses the required contents for the emergency countermeasures for oil pollution prevention plan, and thus hopely could serve as a valuable reference for its formulating.