反恐與災害防救體系整合之研究

A Study of Anti-Terrorism and Disaster Response System Integration

陳以鋒(Yi-Feng Chen)

指導教授 ： 張寬勇

國立臺北科技大學/工程學院/土木與防災研究所/碩士(2009年)

摘要

自美國發生911 恐怖攻擊事件以來，國家反恐政策與運作機制，已經成為世界各國迫切需要面對的首要難題，台灣在911事件後，成立「行政院反恐怖行動管控辦公室」，作為執行反恐任務與各部會間之規劃與協調之幕僚單位，來推動八個部會組成的反恐應變小組執行反恐應變任務。其主要作用在於強化國安體系與行政院情報通報機制的聯繫，負責反恐及國土安全政策的協調及整合。
　　民國89年7月19日「災害防救法」公布實施後，中央至地方在應變階段已建立健全之三層級災害應變中心及完善的運作機制，並藉助中央防災會報，及行政院災害防救委員會橫向整合不同部會主管的不同類型災害；各部會及縣市依中央核定的災害防救基本計畫，訂定各自不同性質災害的業務計畫，涵蓋預防、減災整備、緊急應變及復原重建等內容。
　　然而恐怖活動初期都是以災害型式出現，在政府單位的初期動員都是以「搶救災害」的目的做為優先派遣，事後再依災害原因交由權責單位調查與處置。反恐的「平時」、「變時」與災害防救的預防、減災整備、緊急應變及復原重建就政策作為而言似有重疊之處，本論文就反恐政策與災害防救間彼此的鏈結與協調機制進行比較，以供我國未來國家安全政策之參考。

關鍵字

反恐 ； 災害防救 ； 國土安全 ； 美國911

並列摘要

After the 911 terrorist attacks in the United States, the national Anti-Terrorism policy and operation framework have become the global priority issue. Following the 911 attacks, Taiwan have established Anti-Terrorism Control Office of Executive Yuan which serves as an advisor for different ministries to cooperate the Anti-Terrorism missions, and to organize between 8 ministries to form an Anti-Terrorism response team. The main mission is to strengthen the communication between national security and intelligent system, responsible for Anti-Terrorism policy and national security integration.
　　After the “Disaster Prevention and Protection Act” enforcement on July 19th, 2000, Taiwan has established 3 levels of emergency operation center framework from central to local. The central Disaster Prevention and Protection quarter meeting and the National Disaster Prevention and Protection Commission laterally integrated different ministers to deal with varieties of disasters. Each ministry and local government developed operation plans base on Disaster Prevention and Protection basic plans which was approved by the central government. The operation plans includes disaster prevention and protection plan, mitigation and preparedness plan, along with response and recovery plan.
　　The terrorist attacks are always first reported as a disaster. The government dispatched rescue teams at the initial response, and assign to the related authorities for investigation later on. The response for terrorist attacks and disaster prevention and protection seem to be overlap. This study is to compare the connections and cooperation between the Anti-Terrorism policy and the Disaster Prevention and Protection, to seek for a suitable policy for national security of Taiwan.

並列關鍵字

Anti-Terrorism ； Disaster Prevention and Protection ； Homeland Security ； WTC ； 911 ； Incident

參考文獻

3. U.S. national counterterrorism center，《Reports on Terrorism》，2009。

1. Office of the Coordinator for Counterterrorism，《Country Reports on Terrorism》，2008。

2. Picken and Dess，《Building A Strong and Effective Culture》，1997。

4. MBA核心課程編譯組，《危機管理（Manage Crsis）》，台北讀品文化，2003年。

5. 中國現代國際關系研究所反恐怖研究中心，《世界主要國家和地區反恐怖政策與措施》，北京時事出版社，2002 年8月1日。