汽車產業服務零件倉庫效率提升改善之研究

The Study For Enhancing Picking Efficiency In Automotive serrvice-Parts Warehouse

蕭俊富(Chun Fu Hsiao)

指導教授 ： 黃緒哲

國立臺北科技大學/機電學院/車輛工程系所/碩士(2007年)

https://doi.org/10.6841/NTUT.2007.00073

摘要

摘 要

論文名稱：汽車產業服務零件倉庫效率提升改善之研究 頁數:149
校所別：國立台北科技大學車輛工程系碩士班
畢業時間：九十五學年度第二學期 學位：碩士
研究生：蕭俊富 指導教授：黃緒哲博士
關鍵詞:
本研究的方法主要是先簡略介紹全球知名汽車製造廠，全球知名汽車零件製造廠，及國內汽車工業的歷史與未來展望。收集汽車及零件製造業界相關資訊，並佐以文獻探討、訪談業界先進、及實務研究改善為主。將學術理論應用於實務操作，並經由研究、探討、實務驗證以求取其實務推行之可行性。

一般汽車零件供應鏈中的倉儲管理可區分為:銷售量預測、下單訂購、到貨驗收、上架、庫存管理、銷售收單、撿貨包裝、物流配送，帳務管理等等。本研究以汽車售後服務實務角度來闡釋其各項定義及內容，以期研究參與者能共同瞭解其定義及內容，而不偏離主題研究。

對於研究主題『零件倉庫撿貨效率提升研究』，是一個相當明確而不失聚焦的研究主題。從事這一方面的研究，當然離不開零件倉庫的實際運作，從期初庫存量的備貨、下訂單到國外原廠，船務公司的選定、國內報關行的挑選，海關保稅倉庫的先放後稅，Packing list & Invoice的下傳與自動轉入，零件到貨的驗收上架，接收經銷商的訂單，撿貨包裝，發票與裝箱單的設計製，國內運送路線安排，夜間收貨的保全事宜等等。每一項環節都與零件倉庫的實際運作息息相關。研究主題『零件倉庫撿貨效率提升研究』，更是先從瞭解整個零件倉庫的作業流程，而後再將主題鎖定於零件倉庫撿貨的作業一一解析研究，如此更易於切入主題。

透過有系統的分析，將零件擺放位置重新規劃佈置，以期使撿貨人員能以相同時間撿更多零件，或者撿相同數量零件，但耗費更少時間。並將節省下來的時間用於其他倉儲作業的改善，或可節省倉庫撿貨人力，將此人力轉移至其他更需人力的單位。一般撿貨單是依據零件架位位址排列，所以撿貨人員根據撿貨單上的零件架位位址逐一撿取零件。因此完成一張零件撿貨單有可能繞了整個倉庫一大圈。這就是既勞力而又無效率的倉庫零件擺放佈置。如能用一倉庫零件擺放佈置重新規劃佈置，而使撿貨人員在一小區塊就能將零件撿貨單上所列之零件一一撿齊，豈不是節省時間及節省人力，提高撿貨效率，進而提升客戶滿意度。

一般倉庫零件架位規劃佈置區分為小型、中型、大型、重型等零件架位。將零件擺放位置重新規劃，意指將常用零件置放於同一區塊、隔壁相臨、或是左右相對，構成一個黃金區域（Golden Zone），如此一來，撿貨人員只須於黃金區域之內撿貨，而不用東撿一個零件，西撿一個零件而東征西討。為了完成一張撿貨單，繞行倉庫一大圈，大部份時間耗費於無效率的撿貨路線。這是一般倉庫作業的通病。藉由零件擺放位置重新規劃，使撿貨人員縮短撿貨路線，進而提高撿貨效率。

關鍵字

汽車產業服務零件

並列摘要

ABSTRACT

Title: Enhancing Picking Efficiency For Service Parts Of Automotive Warehouse Page:149
School: National Taipei University of Technology
Department: Vehicle Engineering
Time: July 2007 Degree: Master
Researcher: Chun Fu Hsiao Advisor: Shiuh Jer Huang
Keywords:
The mainly studying method of this thesis is briefly learning and introducing top Global automakers, global automotive component manufacturers, and domestic car-making industry and prediction of its future. Data and information Collection from automakers and automotive components manufactures, reference to the academic literatures, interview of domestic car-maker’s executive officers, these data, information and academic literatures, and executive officers’ interview will put together and be experimented in the physically routine warehouse operation. Through study, research, and physical operation to prove the theory can be feasible to be adopted.
The subject of Supply Chain in the automotive industry, specially mentioned After-sales function, it can function as sales forecasting, placing orders, goods receiving, put-away to shelf, inventory management, sales order processing, picking & packing, delivery and logistic, and, finally, invoicing and financing. Different industries for the above key words have their definitions, and there are somehow a little bit difference. The key words will be defined by the viewpoint of automotive industry and expect studiers and researchers to fully realize them without deviation of mainly studying

Pertaining to the mainly subject of studying, Enhancing Picking Efficiency For Service Parts Of Automotive Warehouse, it is quite concentrated and focused studying subject. For studying it, the warehouse operating functions and processing ought to be fully understanding and realizing before commencing studying. The functions such as preparing initial inventory to meet the market demand, placing orders to the foreign sources, selecting forwarder and custom broker for declaring and custom clearance, applying the goods declaration before taxing, invoice and packing list automatically download and eat-in to warehousing management system, goods receiving and put-away, receiving customers’ order, picking and packing, goods delivered route, and finally night shipped arrangement. Each respective function is closely linked warehouse routine operations. The first step of studying is concentrating on realizing respective function of warehouse, and then narrows down to the mainly subject, Enhance Picking Efficiency For Automotive Warehouse.
Through the systematic analysis for parts sales history, the hit rate will be identified and then parts stock locations will be re-designed and re-located. This purpose is expecting that the picker can pick more parts in the same time frame. It means that picking the same items and quantities will use less time compared to the before parts re-location. The time and manpower saving can use to support other functions which need more manpower. As most warehouse operation, the parts no on the picking order is sorted by aisle-bin number, therefore, the picker will be walking around the whole warehouse to implement this picking order. It is definitely waste the time and picker energy. Imagine, if the warehouse can be setup a golden zone, and put the highest hit-rate parts into this golden zone, the picker just surrounds the golden zone to pick all he or she need to pick. It should save picker’s time and energy, certainly improve the picking efficiency.
As a automotive service parts warehouse, its parts stock shelves can be categorized into three types, small size, middle size, big or over-weight shelf. Different size parts ought to put into his designated shelf. The meaning of parts re-location is expressing that highest hit-rate parts which parts size and shape are quite similar are putting into the same area. The area is named golden zone. As a result, the picker just walks through the golden zone to pick what he wants to pick. Eliminate the waste, save picking time and picker energy, this is the mainly purpose of this study.

並列關鍵字

Automotive serrvice-Parts Warehouse

參考文獻

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