下水污泥高溫好氧消化減量技術動力學特性之研究

A Kinetic Study of Municipal Sewage Sludge by Using Thermophilic Aerobic Digestion

葉俊鋒(Chun-Feng Yeh)

指導教授 ： 張添晉

國立臺北科技大學/工程學院/環境工程與管理研究所/碩士(2009年)

https://doi.org/10.6841/NTUT.2009.00127

摘要

為提升國民對環境品質之要求，污水下水道是現代化都市所具備之主要公共設施，國內積極推動發展污水下水道之建設，污泥產量亦隨之增加。本研究將超音波前處理技術，結合先進國家之已開發高溫嗜熱菌污泥減量技術，並加以用污泥動力學分析前處理技術結合嗜熱菌消化減量技術之研究。
超音波前處理之特色為，將污泥膠羽破壞使顆粒變小，提升較難溶出之有機質溶出速率，減少消化時間及剩餘污泥產量。將下水污泥予以超音波水解處理之目的，在於提升後續高溫好氧消化之污泥減量效率。高溫好氧消化技術具備下列幾項特點：(1)使有機廢棄污泥之產量大幅降低；(2)縮短污泥停留時間；(3)對致病菌具有殺菌之能力。並研究污泥動力學特性，使用動力學模式具備下列特性：(1)了解下水道水質轉化及污水處理程序之操作狀態(2)運用模式可以降低處理成本(3)管理決策之支援，評估新處理程序設計，縮短設計時間。
本實驗透過兩階段進行，將污泥利用超音波震盪前處理後經最佳水解參數(以240W震盪30min)，分別進入高溫好氧消化及常溫好氧消化進行污泥減量。第二階段以基質消化前後之濃度，算出不可分解之比例，再套入修正後之Monod方程式，算最大比增殖係數(μmax)及半飽和常數(Ks)。
經由本實驗結果求得消化動力學係數後，高溫嗜熱菌配合超音波震盪前處理等4組實驗(高溫超音波、高溫對照組、常溫超音波及常溫對照組)，其基質親和力Ks分別為8,410、978、198及4,340 mg/L。結果顯示，經超音波震盪與高溫消化確實可使污泥中微生物基質親和力增加，使基質愈容易被分解。

關鍵字

下水污泥 ； 超音波水解 ； 高溫好氧消化 ； 嗜熱菌 ； 動力學

並列摘要

In order to improve environmental quality, Taiwan’s government makes more effort on building sewerage systems construction. These operating sewerage systems will lead to an important increase in sewage sludge production .Due to the limitation of landfall site, municipal sewage sludge disposal will become a hot issue in the future. The purposes of this study was to carry out the comparison the different of the ultrasounds and untreated sludge, moreover the kinetic analytic integrated with thermophilic aerobic digestion process were also be discussed.
The aim of ultrasounds is to solubilise and/or to reduce the size of organic compounds, and especially refractory compounds, in order to make them more easily biodegradable. Final quantity of residual sludge and time of digestion can thus be reduced. The objective of pretreatment is to increase reduction efficiency of thermophilic aerobic digestion. The characteristics of thermophilic aerobic digestion process include three parts: (1) increase in organic sewage sludge reduction (2) sludge retention time can be reduced (3) biosolids may be totally contained until they are stabilized. The characteristics of sludge dynamics was also studied and the dynamics model can be utilized to (1) understand the changing of sewage quality and the operational conditions of sewage treatment; (2) lower the cost of sewage treatment (3) support management policies and help to evaluate new sewage treatment design, and shorten the designing time.
The experiment includes two parts. The first is pretreatment of sludge using ultrasounds, and find out the efficiency of disintegration cell well. The second stage takes substrate concentration before and after digestion to derive the indecomposable ratio. Inserting the number into the Monod equation, μmax and Ks was obtained.
From the result of this experiment, the digestion dynamics coefficient, and the comparison to references, it was demonstrated that the 4 experimental groups, there were (Ks) 8410, 978, 198, 4340 mg/L separately. We suspect the reason that a high Ks was achieved with the combination of thermophiles and ultrasound irradiation is that the experiment was partial continuous and the air sparging mixer was not automated.This was only observed in a combination of thermophiles and ultrasound irradiation. The result demonstrates that ultrasound irradiation in combination with high temperature digestion can increase Ks and the microbes in sludge, enabling a better decomposition of substrate.

並列關鍵字

Sewage Sludge ； Ultrasounds ； Thermophilic Aerobic Digestion ； Thermophilic Bacteria ； Kinetic

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