下水污泥前處理減量技術最適化之研究

An Optimization Study on the Pretreatment Technology of Municipal Sewage Sludge Reduction

沈珊米(Shan-Mi Shen)

指導教授 ： 張添晉

國立臺北科技大學/工程學院/環境工程與管理研究所/碩士(2010年)

摘要

為提升國民良好生活環境，國內積極推動發展污水下水道之建設，污泥產量隨之增加。本研究比較超音波及臭氧前處理技術，結合歐美及日本先進國家之已開發高溫嗜熱菌污泥減量技術，比較此三種污泥減量技術之最適化去除效率，以超音波前處理結合高溫好氧消化為最佳前處理技術。
超音波前處理之特色為將污泥膠羽破壞使顆粒變小，提升較難溶出之有機質溶出速率，減少消化時間及剩餘污泥產量。將下水污泥予以超音波水解處理之目的，在於提升後續高溫好氧消化之污泥減量效率。高溫好氧消化技術具備下列幾項特點：(1)使有機廢棄污泥之產量大幅降低；(2)縮短污泥停留時間；(3)對致病菌具有殺菌之能力。
本研究探討污泥減量技術之最適化去除效率，為達到污泥減量之目的，應用污水廠質量平衡模式比較各影響因子對於污泥產生量之影響，得其影響因子依序為污泥含水率、污水處理等級、污水量等，並評估前處理技術減量效率對污泥減量及污泥最終處置費用之影響，綜合討論前處理減量技術之污泥減量及污泥最終處理費用之關係；此外，亦以環境面、社會面、管理面等三面向，評估最適化前處理污泥減量技術之優勢與劣勢並討論其實廠可行性。
本研究以超音波前處理結合高溫好氧消化為最適化前處理技術，相較於本研究其他前處理技術，其優勢為污泥消化時間短、污泥減量處理效率高等，可進一步減少污泥最終處置費用，為具有發展潛力之創新污泥減量技術。

關鍵字

下水污泥 ； 超音波水解 ； 臭氧處理 ； 高溫好氧消化

並列摘要

In order to improve quality of living environment, the government of Taiwan has made effort on development of sewerage systems constructions, as a result, it has increased sludge production.
This study compared ultrasound and ozone pre-treatment technology, combined with high-temperature thermophilic bacteria sludge reduction technologies which have been developed the advanced countries such as Europe, United States and Japan. Comparing the optimun removal efficiency of three types of sludge reduction technologies, the result of combining high-temperature pre-treatment with ultrasound aerobic digestion is the best pre-treatment technology.
The characteristics of ultrasonic pre-treatment are that breaking sludge flocs into smaller particles to enhance the dissolution rate of organic matter which is hard to dissolve, thus reduce the digestion time and the excess sludge production. The objective of pre-treatment is to increasing reduction efficiency of thermophilic aerobic digestion. Thermophilic aerobic digestion technology has the following characteristics: (1) the production of organic sludge significantly reduced; (2) sludge retention time could be reduced; (3) the ability of sterilization.
In this study is discussing the optimun removal efficiency of sludge reduction technology. To achieve the purpose of sludge reduction, application of sewage plant mass balance model for comparing the impact of factors that affect the amount of sludge, obtaining the impact factor as following: water content of sludge, level of sewage treatment, sewage quantity and so on. Besides, to assess the efficiency of pre- treatment reduction and sludge reduction impact of final disposal costs. It is omprehensive discussion of pre-treatment sludge reduction technology costs reduction and final disposal of sludge. In addition to assessing the strengths and weaknesses of optimal pre-treatment sludge reduction technology and discuss the feasibility of full scale on environment, socially and management.
In this study, using ultrasonic pre-treatment combined with high-temperature aerobic digestion compared to other pre-treatment technologies, which is the optimal technology could shorten the sludge digestion time, the efficiency of sludge reduction and reduce the sludge final disposal costs. It will have the potential to innovative sludge reduction technology. It's innovative potential of sludge reduction technology.

並列關鍵字

Sewage Sludge ； Ultrasounds ； Ozonation ； Thermophilic Aerobic Digestion

參考文獻

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