建築物外遮陽設計準則之研究

A Study of Design Guideline of Shading Device for Buildings

譚海韻(TAN HAI YUN)

指導教授 ： 周鼎金

國立臺北科技大學/設計學院/建築與都市設計研究所/碩士(2005年)

https://doi.org/10.6841/NTUT.2005.00056

摘要

隨著地球能源的急速損耗、夏季電費的屢次攀升，令我們不得不正視節約能源的重要，而「外遮陽」即是建築基本設計中極為重要的節能手法，因為其關係著室內的溫度、採光及通風，也就直接影響了空調與照明設備的使用。
雖然外遮陽是如此地重要，卻因節省工程費用、追求簡潔的建築造型、業主缺乏相關素養、設計者的專業不足或建築面積的極限運用等因素而被忽略，造成室內環境的不舒適及能源的浪費。有鑑於此，本研究以實用性為目的，透過相關理論探討及文獻回顧，以國內近年來外遮陽改善案例作為分析對象，研擬出符合台灣本土需求之設計方向，提供建築設計者一實用之設計參考標準。
本研究最重要的結論，即是將外遮陽之型式歸納為四大類（水平式、垂直式、水平+垂直式、面式），亦建議此四類外遮陽之適用方位，若要顧及不同季節所產生的室內環境差異，則以活動式外遮陽為最佳選擇，但須考量自動控制及耐候性與成本間的問題。另外，本研究亦提出外遮陽的設計流程供設計者參考，並於材質的選擇、施工規範、使用與維護、裝置之安全性、防火避難之考量、相關法令限制等，彙整出重要之相關注意事項。最後，在外遮陽的遮蔽效果方面，目前仍以ki值作為主要評估依據，盼後續研究者能發展出一套順應台灣不同氣候地區的外遮陽設計軟體，同時檢驗室內太陽輻射取得量、採光影響程度及空調節能效益，使設計準則充實得更臻完備。

關鍵字

綠建築 ； 節能 ； 外遮陽 ； 設計準則

並列摘要

With the earth energy resources lost rapidly and the electrovalence rising repeatedly in summer, we have to face the importance of energy-conservation. “Shading device” is an extremely important technique of the basic architectural design method with energy-conservation. Because it is concerned with indoor temperature, lighting and ventilation. It also effect the use of the air condition facilities and lighting equipment directly.
Though shading device is so important, but it is ignored because of to saving the construction charges or to pursue the concise model of buildings or the proprietor lacking of relevant accomplishments or the designer's insufficient specialty and the utmost using of construction area. Those reasons cause the waste of energy and uncomfortable of the indoor environment. In consideration of, the research regards practicability as an objective. With probing into the relevant theory, literature retrospect, and analyzing these improved cases of shading device in domestic area recent years. To draft the designing direction which according to domestic demand in Taiwan and offer a practical design guidelines for building designers.
The most important conclusion of the research is to conclude shading devices as four types (horizontal type, vertical type, horizontal and vertical type, cover type) and to recommend the suitable direction of these four types. But if we want to give consideration for the indoor comfortable environment differences produced by different climates. The adjusting type shading device is the best choice. But we must consider the automatically control, climate and the cost problem. Also mention the design procedure of shading devices for designer's reference in this research, and choice of material, construction standards, use and maintenance, security of device, fireproofing, disaster escape, relevant decree limit, and gather together exactly important relevant precautions. Finally, the ‘ki’ value is still the major assessment basis of the shading benefit. Expect that the follow-up researcher can design an computer software to adjust the different climate of Taiwan and to check the indoor solar heat gain, natural lighting and energy consumption. To flesh the guidelines of shading device more perfect.

並列關鍵字

Green Buildings ； Energy-conservation ； Shading Device ； Design Guideline

參考文獻

[18] F. GARDE, T. MARA, A. P. LAURET, H. BOYER and R. CELAIRE, BRINGING SIMULATION TO IMPLEMENTATION: PRESENTATION OF A GLOBAL APPROACH IN THE DESIGN OF PASSIVE SOLAR BUILDINGS UNDER HUMID TROPICAL CLIMATES, Solar Energy Vol. 71, No. 2, 2001, pp. 109–120.

[19] Marion D.E. Hiller, William A. Beckman, John W. Mitchell, TRNSHD － a program for shading and insolation calculations, Building and Environment, 35, 2000, pp.633-644.

[20] Physics Department, Deshbandhu College, Kalkaji University of Delhi, Effect of fixed horizontal louver shading devices on thermal perfomance of building by TRNSYS simulation, Renewable Energy 23, 2001, pp.497–507.

書籍

[1] 王錦堂，建築應用物理學，台北：臺隆書店，1980，256-359。