新型複合式最大功率追蹤法之設計與實現

Design and Implementation of a Novel Hybrid Maximum Power Point Tracking Method

陳昀瑞(Yun-Jui Chen)

指導教授 ： 歐勝源

國立臺北科技大學/電資學院/電機工程系研究所/碩士(2011年)

https://doi.org/10.6841/NTUT.2011.00122

摘要

本論文提出採用擾動觀察法與短路電流法完成太陽能發電系統之複合式最大功率追蹤法則。由於傳統擾動觀察法雖具有精準之追蹤特性，但其追蹤響應較慢為其缺點；而短路電流法則具有響應速度快，但追蹤最大功率點精準性較差之缺點。
為加速擾動觀察法追蹤速度並充分利用太陽能電池之電能，本文提出之演算法為週期性偵測太陽能電池之短路電流並使用短路電流法計算出相應於太陽能電池最大功率點之電流值。當使用短路電流法後，預期太陽能電池可位於預定之最大功率點範圍，此時啟動擾動觀察法追蹤實際最大功率點。本文提出之演算法具有精準追蹤特性並有較佳的暫態響應。最後，本文採用升壓型轉換器為功率級電路，並使用具有脈波寬度調變控制與ADC功能之TMS320F2812數位訊號處理器來實現本論文所提之最大功率追蹤法則，該實驗結果得以驗證所提出之功能。

關鍵字

太陽能電池 ； 最大功率點追蹤 ； 升壓型轉換器 ； 擾動觀察法 ； 短路電流法

並列摘要

This thesis provides a novel hybrid maximum power point tracking method based on perturbation and observation method and short-circuit current measurement in solar power system. Although traditional perturbation and observation method has the precise tracking characteristic, it has slow transition response to track the maximum power point, whereas the short-circuit current measurement has faster transition response but it couldn’t track the real maximum power point.
In order to improve the tracking speed of perturbation and observation method and maximize the use of photovoltaics energy, the proposed algorithm detects the short current of photovoltaics periodically and then calculates the current located at maximum power point via short-circuit current measurement. After using short-circuit current measurement, maximum power point tracking system will fall within a predetermined range of maximum power point. Then perturbation and observation method immediately starts up and tracks the maximum power point. The proposed algorithm has precise power tracking and faster transition response characteristics. The digital signal processor TMS320F2812 is used to implement the proposed method in a Boost converter which is utilized to act as the power topology. Finally, experiments confirm the predicted results.

並列關鍵字

Photovoltics ； Maximum power point tracking ； Boost converter ； Perturbation and observation method ； Short-circuit current measurement

參考文獻

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[2] Renewables 2007 Global Status Report, http://www.ren21.net/

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[4] I. Glasner and J. Appelbaum, “Advantage of boost vs. buck topology for maximum power point tracker in photovoltaic systems,” in IEEE Conf. 1996, pp.355–358, Israel.

[5] J. Ahmad, “A Fractional open circuit voltage based maximum power point tracker for photovoltaic arrays,” in IEEE ICSTE Conf. 2010, pp.247–250, Israel.