職場疲勞與身心健康關聯之研究

A Research of Burnout Associated with Physical and Mental Health

曾美婷(Mei-Ting Tzeng)

指導教授 ： 吳忠敏

國立臺北科技大學/管理學院/商業自動化與管理研究所/碩士(2011年)

摘要

過勞死(Karoshi)在我國近來頻傳，不但發生於各個產業之中且更有逐漸年輕化趨勢，故本研究探討職場疲勞及身心健康在個人屬性間與產業間之分布差異，並分析職場疲勞、身心健康與影響因素之間的相關程度為何。最後，探討控制信念(外控型人格、內控型人格)是否可以減弱影響因素(壓力知覺、工作控制、工作負荷)對職場疲勞，及對身心健康的影響效果。

本研究以製造業與服務業的工作者為主要對象，採問卷調查法進行樣本收集。在50家企業中，共發出2000份問卷，扣除缺漏填答與填答不合理，有效樣本共計1326份，有效樣本回收率66.3%。並以SPSS12.0進行樣本特性分析、信效度分析、多變量變異數分析、迴歸分析與採用AMOS17.0進行結構模型分析。

研究結果顯示，雇主及非主管的職場疲勞程度較高。而正職工作者與主管的身心健康較佳。再者，「製造業」工作疲勞程度最高之族群：未婚者、工作年資淺、藍領工作者且固定大小夜班者；而「服務業」工作疲勞程度最高之族群：35歲以下、未婚者、工作年資淺、大學學歷者。「製造業」身心健康最佳之族群：45歲以上、已婚者、工作年資深、固定白天班者。「服務業」身心健康最佳之族群：45歲以上、已婚者、高中職學歷、雇主或自營者等。最後，階層迴歸與結構模型分析之結果皆顯示，控制信念可以調節部分影響因素對職場疲勞、身心健康的效果。

關鍵字

職場疲勞 ； 身心健康 ； 哥本哈根疲勞量表

並列摘要

Karoshi frequent in our country recently, not only among various industries and occurs more gradually getting younger and younger, so the study aims to find out the burnout and physical and mental health among individuals and industries’s differences, also analysis the degree of correlation between factors of burnout and physical and mental health. Finally, explore the locus of control (external locus of control personality, Internal locus of control) factors can weaken the negative effects of burnout, and enhance the positive effects of physical and mental health.

In this study, workers in manufacturing and service industries as the main object of a questionnaire survey to sample collection. In the 50 companies issued a total of 2000 questionnaires, excluding gaps respondents and respondents unreasonable, this study collect 1326 valid data, and the effective collect rate of 69.7%. Also use the SPSS 12 and the Amos 17 program to analyze of sample structural analysis, reliability analysis and validity analysis, MANOVA analysis, regression analysis and structural model analysis.

The results show, employers and non-supervisor’s burnout are highest. The regular duty and supervisor’s physical and mental health are better than others. Moreover, in the "manufacturing industries" the worker’s has highest groups degree of burnout: unmarried, Junior, blue-collar workers and the fixed Size night shift; and in the "service industries" the worker’s has highest groups degree of burnout: under 35 years of age, unmarried, Junior, University graduation. In the "Manufacturing industries" the worker’s has highest groups degree of physical and mental health: over 45 years of age, married, senior, during the fixed day shift. "Service industries" the worker’s has highest groups degree of physical and mental health: over 45 years of age, married, High school graduation, employers or self-employed persons. Finally, hierarchical regression analysis and structural model analysis results are displayed, locus of control can adjust some of the impact factors on the workplace burnout also the physical and mental health effects.

並列關鍵字

Burnout ； physical and mental health ； Copenhagen Burnout Inventory

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