天然色素染料敏化太陽能電池

Utilization of Nature Dyes as Photosensitizers for Dye-sensitized Solar Cells

周昀毅(Yun Yi Chou)

指導教授 ： 蘇昭瑾

國立臺北科技大學/工程學院/有機高分子研究所/碩士(2008年)

摘要

自1991年，M. Grätzel等人發展出染料敏化太陽能電池後，光敏染料薄膜電極引起了廣泛的研究，染料則以釕的錯合物(N3，N719)為主，其光電轉換換效率已可達到11%，然而釕的錯合物非常昂貴。本實驗則以天然色素為染料，從紫甘藍中萃取花青素，從黃菊花中萃取葉黃素，並探討萃取溶劑、染料濃度、染料pH值對光電轉換效率的影響，另外也將所得的花青素與葉黃素混和當成染料，觀察其光電轉換效率。利用Degussa二氧化鈦奈米粒(DP-25)加入乙烯丙酮、triton X-100和去離子水調配製成TiO2塗料，將TiO2塗料均勻塗佈在FTO導電玻璃上，並在450 °C下燒結製成工作電極，而對電極是以濺鍍法製成厚度為20 nm的鉑電極，加入電解液(I3‾)後，組成一個太陽能電池模組，以AM 1.5 的模擬太陽光照射(100 mWcm−2)，分析電池的光電轉換效率。結果將得到紫甘藍花青素轉換效率為0.581 %，開路電壓(VOC)為0.55 V，短路電流密度(JSC)為1.60 mA/cm2，fill factor (FF)為0.659與黃菊花葉黃素轉換效率為0.626 %，開路電壓(VOC)為0.58 V，短路電流密度(JSC)為1.64 mA/cm2，fill factor (FF)為0.640，兩種溶液混和當成染料，轉換效率為0.747 %，開路電壓(VOC)為0.62 V，短路電流密度(JSC)為1.76 mA/cm2，fill factor (FF)為0.684，效率值有明顯提升。

關鍵字

染料敏化太陽能電池 ； 花青素 ； 葉黃素 ； 二氧化鈦

並列摘要

Since 1991, Grätzel et al. have developed the first dye-sensitized solar cells (DSSC), it has been studied extensively. Ru transition-metal complexes (N3, N719) were the most commonly used dye to achieve high cell efficiency up to 11%. The commercial Ru-dyes are, however, very expensive. In this experiment, we have extracted anthocyanins from the red cabbage and xanthophylls from yellow chrysanthemum to used as-prepared natural dye to investigate the correlation between the extraction solvent and the concentration and pH condition for dye extraction to DSSC performance. Then combine anthocyanins and xanthophylls as the dye to perform the photoelectron conversion efficiency. The working electrode was made of nanocrystalline TiO2 paste prepared by mixing the Degussa TiO2 (DP-25) with acetylacetone, triton X-100, and DI water. The TiO2 paste was uniformly dispersed on the FTO glass and calcined at 450 °C to form the final TiO2 electrode. Counter electrode is sputtered prepared 20 nm Pt film on FTO glass. The electrodes, electrolyte (I3‾), and dyes were assembled into a cell module and illuminated by light source of simulate AM1.5 with light strength of 100 mW/cm2 to perform the photoelectron conversion efficiency test. The result showed the efficiency of 0.581 % for anthocyanins with open-circle voltage (VOC) of 0.55 V and short-circuits current density (JSC) of 1.60 mA/cm2, and fill factor (FF) of 0.59. The efficiency of 0.626 % for xanthophylls with open-circle voltage (VOC) of 0.58 V and short-circuits current density (JSC) of 1.68 mA/cm2, and fill factor (FF) of 0.640. The efficiency of 0.747 % for anthocyanins and xanthophylls as the dye with open-circle voltage (VOC) of 0.62 V and short-circuits current density (JSC) of 1.76 mA/cm2, and fill factor (FF) of 0.684.

並列關鍵字

DSSC ； anthocyanins ； xanthophylls ； TiO2

參考文獻

[15] 盧秀青，碩士論文，”桑椹果及洛神葵中花青素之分離與純化 ”，國立台灣大學化學工程研究所 (2005) 台灣。

[7] 鄭揚霖，碩士論文，”雞尾酒有機色素增感太陽電池之研究”， 國立成功大學化學工程學系，(2006) 台灣。

[8] K. Kalyanasundaram, M. Grätzel, Coord. Chem. Rev. 177 (1998) 347-414.

[12] N. Robertson, Angew Chem. Int. Ed. 45 (2006) 2338-2345.

[13] 蘇艾真，碩士論文，”桑椹浸漬萃取條件對成分溶出及萃取液抗氧化力的影響”，國立台灣大學生物資源暨農學院園藝所，(2007) 台灣。