植基於FPGA之模糊控制器於感應馬達速度控制之設計及實現

Design and Implementation of FPGA Based Fuzzy Control for Induction Motor Speed Control

莊文岳(Wen-yue Chuang)

指導教授 ： 王順源 ； 宋國明

國立臺北科技大學/電資學院/電資碩士班/碩士(2011年)

摘要

可程式邏輯閘陣列（Field Programmable Gate Array）FPGA，是一個含有可編輯元件的半導體元件，可供使用者重覆程式化的邏輯閘陣列元件，本文研究以FPGA為基礎之模糊控制器，其應用在感應馬達轉速控制上，進行速度控制，並以軟體模組的模擬和實驗進行其控制特性改善與實現。以FPGA做為模糊控制器之基礎設計在實際應用上有其優點，而可快速修改其控制規則及使用簡單方便為其主要之優點。如以設計階段而言，設計驗證其控制理論則相當快速與方便，加上目前FPGA功能增強，已與高階的 SOC 化 IC 性能差距不遠。
將模糊理論應用於感應馬達轉速控制，所形成的控制效果相較於傳統 PID 控制器，可改善震盪現象與穩態時間長的問題。但傳統 PID以積分器及微分器為模式，可消除系統穩態誤差，但需要不斷地測試其結果，因此提升系統穩定度所需調整的時間較長，相較於模糊控制器以語意變數做為控制規則介面，操作相對複雜許多。本文所實現以FPGA為基礎之模糊控制器，是採理論結合模擬其性能，並經由Matlab-Simulink 以及 Modsim軟體模擬結果，再經由實際測試以獲得最佳控制性能。

關鍵字

FPGA ； 模糊控制 ； 馬達轉速控制

並列摘要

A Field Programmable Gate Array, is a semiconductor device that contains programmable components and allows user to reprogram logic gate array devices. This thesis is to study the FPGA-based fuzzy controller and its application onto induction motor speed control, using software module simulation to experiment and achieve the improvements on its characteristic. The design of FPGA-based fuzzy controller has its advantages in practical applications. It can quickly modify the control rules; easy and convenient to use are the main advantages. As in the design phase, is its very fast and convenience to design and verify the control theory, especially the performance of FPGA is almost identical to the high-end SOC IC.
To apply Fuzzy theory to induction motor speed control, the formation of the control result compared with traditional PID controller can improve the overshoot and the long steady-state problem. However, the traditional PID integrator and differentiator is constantly test the result to eliminate steady-state error, thus require longer time to enhance the system stability. In comparison with the fuzzy controller uses linguistic variables as control interface, the traditional PID controller operation is relatively complex. The FPGA-based fuzzy controller model in this article is adopted with theory and simulation for its performance. Also verify thru the simulation of Matlab-Simulink and Modsim software, and then tested with the actual experiment to get the best control performance.

並列關鍵字

FPGA ； Fuzzy ； Induction Motor

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