消防人員火場搜索訓練成效評估之研究－以新北市政府消防局為例

Effectiveness Evaluation of Firefighter Searching Training－An Example of New Taipei City Government Fire Department

賴哲祥(Che-Hsiang Lai)

指導教授 ： 張寬勇

國立臺北科技大學/工程學院/土木與防災研究所/碩士(2013年)

摘要

火災的發生有其不確定性、偶發性及複雜性，惟我國警察學校現行所受消防教育課程，仍以學術研究及理論教學為主，與實務單位勤務的執行落差甚大，尤以火場救災工作，端靠不斷的精實訓練及實務救災經驗，才能累積有效的救災知能及技能。近年火災發生率雖然逐年大幅降低，惟引起的人命傷亡仍無明顯下降。
為強化火災救災效能作為，本研究運用新北市政府消防局數位式空氣呼吸器訓練場，並依照災害特性及救災實務，首創全國設計可變化室內格局之濃煙搜索室，同步引進電子式空氣呼吸器記錄消防人員進入火場用氣量，並結合R.F.I.D.無線射頻技術做為訓練中安全監控系統及動態紀錄，其建置設備主要包括體能訓練室、電子監控室、濃煙搜索室等，並由消防人員實際訓練並檢測其濃煙搜索之能力及效率，並由檢測數據分析火場搜索效率。
本次研究主要針對新北市政府消防局101年火場搜索訓練期間，參訓練學員火場搜索專項體能及搜索效率之前測、中測、後測等檢測數據作量化分析，以評估經由訓練的實施，是否能讓訓練後消防人員提升火場搜救之效率。另以參加訓練之人員為研究樣本，依據Kirkpatrick 之「四層次評估」就學員反應、學習、行為及結果，以問卷調查法進行分析，瞭解整體訓練成效以及結訓返回單位後，火場搜索能力的提升在實務救災表現上是否有良好助益。
對於消防機關未來在安排消防人員各項模擬火場搶救訓練時，建議可參考本次研究結果，訂定學員體能訓練課程，並給予正確運動觀念，除可避免運動傷害外，更能將體能與技能結合，相輔相成，達成訓練目標。因經費及時間限制，本次研究採文獻分析法、檢測法及問卷調查法等三種方法，並就Kirkpatrick之「四層次評估」評估結果，冀望研究方向供後續研究者參考。

關鍵字

消防 ； 火災搶救 ； 訓練 ； 訓練設施 ； 訓練成效

並列摘要

The occurrence of fire is unpredictable, occasional, and complicated. However the present fire-fighting curriculums in our police schools are based on academic research and theoretical instruction. This leads to a great gap between school curriculums and practical execution, especially, when fighting fires. Therefore, the rate of casualties has not declined substantially though the rate of fire occurrences has been a distinct downside progress. Only through lean training and practical fire-fighting experiences may we accumulate effective fire-fighting knowledge and skills to decrease the rate of casualties.
In order to strengthen the performance of fire relief effort, digital self-contained breathing apparatus training room at the Fire Department, New Taipei City, is used and refined into a flexible indoor smoke research room where layouts can be changed in compliance with different features of disasters. Electronic breathing apparatus is recommended to record the air consumption of trainees as well as radio frequency identification (R.F.I.D) to monitor and record status. The facility includes gym, electronic monitoring room and smoke research room, etc. Through practical training and examination, we obtain the data and analyze the efficiency of fire relief effort.
This study aims at estimating whether or not fire fighters have improved the efficiency of fire rescue through fire rescue training in 2012 by quantitative analyzing the data of physical capacity and pre-, mid- and post-test of fire relief effort form every trainee. Participants given questionnaires are analyzed as samples through reaction, learning, behavior, and results according to Kirkpatrick’s “Four levels of learning evaluation.” The following topics are investigated through each analysis.
The results of this study are highly recommended as reference at each fire rescue simulation training to formulate physical training lessons and to give the correct concepts of exercise. In this way, not only exercise injuries could be avoided, but physical capacity and skills could be mutually integrated to achieve the goal of training. Due to the limitation of funds and time, this study is based on documentary analysis, detection method, and questionnaire survey to estimate results through Kirkpatrick’s Four Levels of learning Evaluation. We hope this study can be reference for other researchers.

並列關鍵字

fire ； fire fighting ； training ； training facility ； Evaluation of Training

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