- 學位論文
濕式生態滯留池處理效益評估之研究
The Treatment Efficiency Evaluation of The Wet Detention Pond
摘要
近年來，在國內外於集水區管理的重視下，紛紛致力於暴雨管理與非點源污染控制的相關研究工作。在技術的應用上，國外發展之非點源控制措施（Best Management Practices，BMPs），目前國內亦開始運用此方法於集水區管理上。然由於國內BMPs技術仍為發展階段，許多技術仍未臻成熟，需待以積極研究建立本土化的參數、資訊與評估分析方法，以利於國內之應用。因此本研究即以廣泛運用於集水區管理之BMPs設施－濕式生態滯留池（Wet detention pond）作為主軸，以台北縣坪林鄉渡南橋BMPs試驗模場與台北縣萬里鄉鄰近瑪鋉溪之一處瓷土礦場BMPs處理示範模場之兩處場址為背景，分別對農地與礦場之非點源污染的處理效率進行分析。以現場採樣調查之結果，配合出流機率法（Effluent Probability Method）提供一個統計分析的方式，討論設施出流與入流的處理效率關係，所得結果礦場BMPs處理設施之出入流事件平均濃度的中位數去除率SS為75.9%、溶解性鐵為71.5%。而於農地BMPs場址中，總磷中位數去除率為71.7%、正磷酸鹽為93.5%、總氮為33.5%、氨氮為61.1%。 並透過BMPs設施電腦評估模組－Tool Box進行數值模擬，分析渡南橋BMPs試驗模場於不同重現期距與延時之暴雨事件下，對於總磷處理之效率。重現期距分別為1.1年、2年、5年，延時長短不同之八場事件進行分析。結果於重現期距為1.1年短延時（1hr、2hr）之暴雨事件，設施總處理效率為5%∼10%，其中以人工溼地密植區處理效率最佳佔總處理量之40%∼60%，溼式滯留池則佔系統總處理量之5%∼20%，而在延時24小時的事件上，總處理效率最佳為86.44%，其由於暴雨事件入流量較其他場次小、停留時間較長之故，滯留池佔系統總處理量之15%左右。在重限期距2年之暴雨上，延時2hr事件其總處理效率為4.16 %，於溼式滯留池則佔系統總處理量之25%，略較其他事件之比例為高；而於24hr延時的事件上，其總磷之處理效率為5.86 %。在重限期距為5年延時為6hr之暴雨事件上，其總處理效率為10.27 %，於24小時延時事件其總處理效率為4.43 %。
並列摘要
In recent years, it is taken under the watershare management and protection in the domestic and foreign，devotes in abundance to the researchs of the stormwater management and the non-point source (NPS) pollution control. The Best Management Practices (BMPs) is the application of the NPS pollution control technology. In the domestic, it also use the BMPs on the watershare management. However, because the BMPs technology are still for development stagein, The developments of local design, site placement even the mangement and the efficiency evaluation which need to research on skills of local factor, infomations and evaluation are not mature. And it is useful on the watershare management in the domestic. The main BMPs of this study is the wet detention pond. This is widespread utilization in the NPS pollution control. They have two cases in this study, that one of the cases is the tea farm BMPs is near Donan Bridge in the watershared of Feitsui Reservoir, and another is the porcelain clay mine BMPs near Masu Creek in Taipei County, in Taiwan. They are two kinds of the NPS pollutions for the tea farm and the porcelain clay mine. It is used sampling and examined. Carries on the efficiency analysis using the Effluent Probability Method, which is to provide statistically. Obtained result mine BMPs, the effluent probability method, the treatment efficiency of the median effluent of the suspended solid is 75.9%, and the dissolved iron is 71.5%. In the BMPs of the tea farm, the removeing rate of the median effluent of the total phosphorus is 71.7%, the phosphate is 93.5%, the total nitrogen is 33.5%, and the ammonia nitrogen is 61.1%. And penetrates the model, “Low–Impact Development Management Practices Evaluation Computer Module”, carries on the value simulation, the analysis of the tea farm BMPs experiment model field rainstorm of event to different recurrence interval and under the duration, carries on the value simulation, the analysis efficiency of regarding the total phosphorus processing. Recurrence interval respectively is 1.1 year, 2 year, 5 years, the duration length different eight events carries on the analysis. The result to recurrence interval is 1.1 year short duration (1hr, 2hr) the storm event, the efficiency of the BMPs is 5 to 10%, best accounts for 40% total process load by the constrcution wetland of the close planting area processing efficiency is 40 to 60%, and the wet detention pond to account for 5 to 20% of the system total process load , but at the duration 24 hours events, always processes the efficiency best is 86.44%. Its because the Runoff flowrate is lower for other storm events, and the resident time long therefore, is detained the pond to account for 15% of about system total process load. The event of the recurrence interval is 2 year and duration is 2hr, the efficiency is 4.16 %, and the wet detention pond to account for 25% of the system total process load, it compares other events to be high. At the 24hr duration event, processing efficiency is 5.86 %.the recurrence interval is 5 years and 6hr duration events, the efficiency is 10.27 %, the efficiency to 24 hours duration events it is 4.43 %.