- 學位論文
裸露地植生綠覆逸散粒狀物排放特性及其管制措施之研究
Study on Characteristics of Fugitive Dust Emission in Vegetated Exposure Area and Control Thereof
摘要
本研究針對營建工程裸露地施以稻草鋪覆、草種植生綠覆(混合及單一草種)以及稻草織物鋪覆加上植生綠覆複合工法等三種實驗類型探討PM10逸散排放特性進行研究。由實驗得知，風速1.0~3.0 (m/s)、地表坋土量7.9~28.5 (％)、表土含水率2.1~5.0 (％)之下，未施予任何鋪覆之原裸露地△PM10濃度約在13.35 ~ 38.11 (μg/m3) 之間，另當稻草鋪覆率或植生綠覆率達75~90％之覆蓋率時，其△PM10濃度值可降至3.07~27.23(μg/m3)之濃度規模，實驗結果顯示覆蓋率與PM10防制效率有高度之正相關，惟於單一草種植生綠覆實驗發現，未施予管理之綠覆率縱使達到90％，風速於0.8~3.0(m/s)之間，PM10防制效率卻未有隨之升高之預期，反之約有4％~27％之下降幅度，植生高度之統計發現草株平均高度於12.5cm以上時，實驗各點△PM10濃度則降低至13.2μg/m3以下；PM10防制效率則升高至52％以上，其次以稻草鋪覆加上植生綠覆之複合工法實驗發現，單一草種植生綠覆加上稻草編織物鋪覆之複合工法比僅以稻草編織物鋪覆之PM10防制效率高約12.5 ~ 21.1 (％)，另比單以植生綠覆之PM10防制效率高出約6~15(％)。前揭各結果之重要參數：風速、 坋土量以及表土含水量等，彙於本研究中作成統計比對與分析。 綜合實驗結果得知PM10排放濃度與稻草覆蓋率及植生綠覆率呈高度之正相關，惟需有適度管理才能達到預期之PM10防制效果，尤其以植生綠覆最為明顯，缺乏管理機制之植生綠覆，反而易致PM10之貢獻，植生綠覆加上稻草編織物鋪覆之複合工法有助於抑制裸露地PM10之逸散。
並列摘要
The study is intended to explore the characteristics of PM10 through three experiments, namely woven straw coverage, mixed grass seed and single grass seed vegetation, and such complex process method as woven straw coverage plus vegetation, conducted on the exposed areas at the construction site. According to the experiment, in the case of wind speed 1.0~3.0 (m/s), silt content 7.9~28.5 (％) and topsoil moisture content 2.1~5.0 (％), △PM10 concentration will be 13.35~38.11 (μg/m3) on the exposed areas without any coverage. Meanwhile, when the woven straw coverage or vegetation coverage attains 75~90％, △PM10 concentration will be reduced to 3.07~27.23(μg/m3). The experimental result shows that the coverage ratio is correlated with the prevention efficiency of PM10 positively. Notwithstanding, the experiment for single grass seed vegetation showed that without the vegetation management, even if the vegetation ratio attains 90% and wind velocity ranges from 0.8 to 3.0(m/s), the prevention efficiency of PM10 did not increase as expected. Instead, it decreased by 4％~27％. According to the statistics for vegetation height, when the average grass height is more than 12.5cm, the emission of PM10 at the various experimental sites would decrease to 13.2μg/m3 below, while the prevention efficiency of PM10 would increase to more than 52%. According to such complex process method as woven straw coverage plus vegetation, the prevention efficiency of PM10 resulting from the complex process method for single grass seed vegetation plus woven straw coverage was higher than that resulting from pure woven straw coverage by 12.5~21.1%, and than that resulting from pure vegetation by 6~15% only. The important parameters critical to emission of PM10 and prevention efficiency thereof, including wind velocity, dust volume and topsoil moisture content, have been compared and analyzed statistically in the study. The consolidated experimental results showed that the woven straw coverage ratio and vegetation ratio were correlated with each other positively. Notwithstanding, only with the proper management may the prevention efficiency be achieved as expected, particularly, with respect to the vegetation. The vegetation lacking the proper management mechanism was likely to cause the emission of PM10. The complex process method for vegetation plus woven straw coverage may help prevention of PM10 emission in the exposed area.