- 學位論文
RFID讀卡機防止碰撞演算法之設計與實作
Design and Implement of Reader Anti-Collision Algorithm in RFID Systems
摘要
無線射頻辨識(RFID)是使用無線電波傳輸的方式，讀卡機(Reader)可以快速的讀取電子標籤(Tag)的資料，因此被大量運用到物流業中。在某些應用中，如貨櫃場或大型的零售業(Wal-Mart, Costco…)，需要佈置大量的Reader去偵測貨櫃的位置以及物品的資訊，若同時有多個Reader讀取到同一個Tag或多個Reader相鄰時，將會產生頻率的互相干擾，進而影響辨識的正確性，所以如何避免讀卡機干擾到其他讀卡機的正常運作，是RFID系統在應用時必須解決的問題。 因此本論文提出改良式禁忌搜尋演算法(Improved Tabu-Search Algorithm)去解決讀卡機碰撞的問題，將相鄰的讀卡機分配到不同的時槽通訊，以避免產生讀卡機碰撞的情形發生，模擬結果顯示我們所提出的方法比其他的研究方法有較快的執行速度。 最後我們將所提出的演算法以可規劃邏輯閘陣列(FPGA)來實作，以驗証其硬體實作的可行性。
並列摘要
RFID (Radio Frequency Identification) systems are operating on transmitted microwaves, so the reader can read all the tags in its interrogation zone simultaneously. In some applications, such as factories or large retail business (Wal-Mart, Costco ...), there will be numerous readers present in an area to track the location of container or pallet. The RFID reader will collide if there are too many readers to read data from one tag or the electronic interference caused by themselves. For popularize the RFID systems, we present improved tabu-search algorithm to solve the reader collision problems. The objective of this thesis is to satisfy every reader’s slot requests and minimize the number of total slots. Experiment results show that the proposed algorithm gets more efficient running time than the existing methods. Finally, we use FPGA to implement the proposed algorithm and verify the possibility of the hardware’s materialization.