多聯變頻空調系統之性能分析與散熱節能研究

A Research on Operating Performance Verification and Energy-Efficient Heat-Rejection of the Variable-Refrigerant-Flow System

洪裕昇(Yu-Sheng Hung)

指導教授 ： 李魁鵬

國立臺北科技大學/機電學院/能源與冷凍空調工程系碩士班/碩士(2010年)

摘要

在全球暖化與能源價格上漲的危機下，節約能源已成為工程業界所致力的目標；有鑑於此，美國能源部發行「國際性能量測與驗證參考辦法」，並提及四種節能效益之驗證程序方案，作為節能專案之參考依據。
本研究辦公建築為主要分析對象，為了評價多聯變頻空調系統的能源效率，以動態能源模擬軟體-EnergyPlus為基礎，由空調主機廠商所提供之參數建構出主機性能曲線，並進行數據分析與建立能源模型；此外，亦進行全尺度之量測分析與實驗印證，並將其結果與基準線作比對分析，建立多聯變頻空調主機之性能驗證程序與方法，以提供設計單位作為未來設計時的參考依據。
當建築大樓過於密集時，空調室外機常受到氣流短循環而導致散熱不足，以致無法有效排熱而造成能源使用效率降低的問題，本文以辦公大樓為主要分析對象，進行全尺度氣流模擬分析，以建立最佳氣流方式，並探討不同節能設計手法之節能潛力與成效；模擬結果顯示，不當的室外機設置易造成排熱氣流分佈不均與熱回流現象，將造成室外機平均回風溫度上升2.6~4.7 ℃；導入建築風場與冷熱通道之概念，其平均回風溫度約可降低2.9℃，而研究成果可提供設計單位快速檢討其設計，以確保設備性能效率。

關鍵字

多聯變頻空調 ； 計算流體力學 ； EnergyPlus

並列摘要

Under the crisis of global warming and energy price rising, efforts to save energy become significant issues of engineering studies. Thus, U.S. Department of Energy and Efficiency Valuation Organization published the “International Performance Measurement and Verification Protocol (IPMVP)”. The IPMVP promotes four concepts of energy saving measurement and verification to evaluate performance of efficiency.
This research focuses on analyzing the office buildings, to evaluate energy consumption features of the new-generation Variable-Refrigerant-Flow System through the dynamic building energy simulation program, EnergyPlus. This research aims to analyze and compare the condensing-unit’s performance curves between EnergyPlus default curves and real curves constructed by the performance raw data provided by the manufacture. And analyzed history data and set up an empirical model of condensing-unit, in order to establish a practical energy efficiency verification approach. The result of wisdom supervisory control apparatus and full-scale experiment comparing with actual baseline leads to the basis of energy auditing. The performance chart of condensing-unit has been established in order to provide the data basis of loss coefficient for duct design.
High density of tall buildings always causes short circulation of airflow, resulting in insufficient heat rejection and the decrease of energy efficiency for the outdoor unit. This research focuses on analyzing the office buildings. And for the other main point of this research is processing full-scale air-flow analysis by computational fluid dynamics (CFD) software, and build the optimum air flow to reduce cooling energy. The numerical results reveal, that inappropriate installed position of arrayed outdoor units is easy to cause non-uniformity of heat-rejection flow and short circulation of airflow, resulting in the rise of average air-return temperature of the outdoor unit by 2.6~4.7 ℃. The wind field characteristics of buildings, and Cold/Hot Aisle can reduce average air-return temperature about 2.9 ℃, compared to those without sufficient openings. The results of this study can offer manufacturers to check appropriateness of their design and ensure the efficiency of equipments.

並列關鍵字

VRF ； CFD ； EnergyPlus

參考文獻

[2]Efficiency Valuation Organization, International Performance Measurement and Verification Protocol, Concepts and Options for Determining, Energy and Water Savings Volume 1, April 2007.

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