球墨鑄鐵管之沖蝕磨耗研究

Study on Erosion Wear of Spheroidal Graphite Cast Iron Pipes

吳國龍(Kuo-Lung Wu)

指導教授 ： 唐自標

國立臺北科技大學/工程學院/材料及資源工程系所/碩士(2005年)

摘要

球墨鑄鐵由於機械性質優異，廣泛作為各種工業構件材料。本研究係以工業用球墨鑄鐵製離心鑄造管及砂模鑄造鑄態管件作為探討對象，實際於水冷式金屬模離心鑄造鑄鐵管之鑄態、經退火處理之退火態及砂模鑄造鑄態管件三種產品取樣作為實驗材料，然後分別以氧化鋁顆粒進行各種角度之固體顆粒沖蝕磨耗試驗，進而探討沖蝕角度對此三種具不同基地組織及機械性質之球墨鑄鐵管及管件沖蝕磨耗之影響。 實驗結果顯示，水冷式金屬模離心鑄造鑄鐵管之鑄態因冷卻速率快、過冷度大，雪明碳體含量高，硬度也相對提高，對沖蝕磨耗阻抗能力較退火態及砂模鑄造鑄態大，沖蝕率最低；金屬模退火態因經退火處理，碳原子可擴散至石墨及基地；基地組織轉變成為肥粒體，其對沖蝕磨耗阻抗能力較低，沖蝕率較大，砂模鑄造鑄態其基地為波來體與肥粒體混和組織，性質介於金屬模鑄態與金屬模退火態兩者間，其沖蝕率與沖蝕深度亦介於金屬模鑄態與退火態兩者間。三種取樣試片的最大沖蝕率發生在30°∼45°的沖擊角度，而最大沖蝕深度皆發生於60°，試片沖蝕磨耗機制傾向於延性與脆性之混合破壞型態。

關鍵字

球墨鑄鐵 ； 離心鑄造 ； 砂模鑄造 ； 退火處理沖蝕磨耗

並列摘要

Spheroidal graphite cast iron has been widely used in many structure fields of industry due to its superior mechanical properties. This research takes three kinds of commercial spheroidal graphite cast iron pipes, centrifugal casting pipe, centrifugal casting pipe with annealing treatment and sand casting fitting, which were to undergo solid erosion test using angular Al2O3 particles. The purpose of this research is to study the effect of erosion on spheroidal graphite cast iron pipes and fitting which possess various microstructures and mechanical properties due to the different manufacturing processes and heat treatment. The experimental results showed that the microstructure of centrifugal casting pipe consists of larger amount of cementite because of the fast cooling rate and higher degree of overcooling, resisting in the improvement of hardness and erosion resistance. Centrifugal casting pipe with annealing treatment, turning its microstructure into full of ferrite by carbon atom diffusing to nodular graphite and ferrite, is least resistant to erosion with the highest erosion rate and the maximum erosion depth. The microstructure of sand casting fitting is mixed with pearlite and ferrite, with the mechanical property just laying between the other two pipes, which makes the erosion rate and erosion depth follow the same trend. The max. erosion rate occurred at incident angle 30°∼45°according to different solid erosion particle amounts, and the deepest erosion depth occurred consistently at incident angle 60°, for the three comparison specimens. The test also reveals that the failure mechanism of spheroidal graphite cast iron pipes and fitting tend to be ductile-brittle fracture.

並列關鍵字

Spheroidal graphite cast iron ； Centrifugal cast ； Sand cast ； Annealing ； Erosion wear

參考文獻

參考文獻

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