因目前對於火災煙流與建築物外部空間關係之研究較為缺乏,故本研究嘗試以此角度切入進行研究,以FDS火災數值模擬軟體模擬並探討當使用自然排煙之特別安全梯排煙室空間設計於 H型平面之集合住宅中間時,由排煙室排出之火災煙流會否滯留於排煙室建築外部空間,進而由外往內影響兩側居室人員安全,以及不同的建築外部空間尺度比例是否會影響火災煙流之流動。 本研究以25層樓之集合住宅為例,輔以不同之風向模擬火災煙流情況,研究成果如下所述: 一、 起火樓層越低,風向為反向平行風,火災煙流對排煙室兩側居室之影響最劇。 二、 無論增加建築外部空間之徑深或面寬,都無法使兩側居室不受火災煙流影響。 三、 高層建築物應避免設計建築外部空間,且排煙室須避免採用自然排煙設計。
Only few attempts have so far been made at fire smoke and building outside space. This study is intended to be an investigation of using natural ventilation at specially safe stairs and stair vestibules, and know what the relationship among building outside space, side room, and fire smoke are. Take 25 storeys residential buildings as an example, in conclusion, 1. When fire storey is getting lower and wind direction is reverse parallel, fire smoke affects the side room seriously. 2. No matter how augments depth or broad of building outside space, it is no use to made side room safety. 3. High buildings should avoid to design the building outside space, and Stair vestibules should avoid to use the Natural Ventilation Design.