TFT-LCD面板廠產品組合策略之研究

Product Mix in the TFT-LCD Industry

溫逢春(Feng -Chun Wen)

指導教授 ： 王福琨 ； 田方治

國立臺北科技大學/管理學院/工業工程與管理系所/碩士(2005年)

摘要

在TFT-LCD面板廠的成本結構中，原物料佔65%、人力成本佔5%、費用支出佔30%。由於廠房營運及設備折舊攤提成本等費用支出佔總成本的比例頗高，因此面板廠通常是處於產能滿載的情況，以規模經濟來降低單位平均成本。換句話說，面板廠每月平均所生產的基板數量是固定的，但當市場需求不如預期時，會使得面板的庫存增加，導致廠商為求降低庫存而削價競爭，這也就是面板價格起伏變動很大的原因。因此，一個良好的產品組合決策，可使企業降低庫存風險、增加利潤，提升其競爭優勢。
本研究將以線性規劃(Linear Programming, LP)求解方法應用在TFT-LCD面板廠的產品組合決策問題上，在考量產品利潤、公司產能、原物料供應及市場需求的條件下，建構出一個適用於TFT-LCD面板廠產品組合問題的模式。並透過案例探討，將某面板廠的相關資料應用在此模式上，並分別針對產能滿載及產能未滿載的情況進行探討，之後再利用線性規劃軟體LINGO進行產品組合決策的求解。
最後，證明此模式能更快速有效的作出面板廠的產品組合決策，且其利潤也能比之前的產品組合要來的高。而透過本模式所得到的產品組合資訊可以提供業務部門訂單與出貨的依據，生產部門亦可統計出各尺寸產品的訂單總量以作為MPS的參考數量。另外，亦可提供公司在訂定產能規劃相關策略時的參考。

關鍵字

TFT-LCD ； 產品組合 ； 線性規劃

並列摘要

In the cost structure of TFT-LCD industry, 65% is raw materials, 5% is labor, 30% is operational cost. Since the operational cost and equipment depreciation take a high percentage of the total cost, TFT-LCD industry is usually at full production capacity, and uses economies of scale to reduce the average unit cost. In other words, the number of substrates produced every month is fixed, but when the market demand is less than the expected, the stock of panel increases, in turn, manufacturers use price war to reduce the stock. It is the reason for high fluctuation of panel prices. Therefore, a good product mix can help the manufacturers reducing the risk of stocks, increase profit, and improve competitive advantages.
This study uses linear programming on the solution of TFT-LCD industry product mix, and constructs a suitable product mix for TFT-LCD industry given the conditions of the profit, productivity, raw materials supply, and market demand. Through case discussion, the related information of the case company is applied on the model, and the productivity capacity load and below capacity load are discussed. Then, linear programming software LINGO is employed for solution on product mix.
Lastly, this model is proven to generate product mix for TFT-LCD industry effectively, and the profit is higher than the prior product mix. The product mix generated by this model can provide reference for the sales department on orders and shipping, for production department on the order quantity for each size for MPS.

並列關鍵字

TFT-LCD ； Product Mix ； Linear Programming

參考文獻

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